was shown--as now--the ring to which, in the “Gate of the Prophet,” the wondrous cherub horse with wings was haltered, to await the return of Muḥammad from Heaven, and to carry him back to Mekkah. This steed (El Boraḳ, “the glittering”) had the wings and tail of a peacock, and a shining face. The “Dome of the Chain” was named from a legend of the chain that David hung in it, which none but those who told the truth could grasp. Nâṣr-i-Khosrau speaks of the “print on stone of the great shield of Ḥamzah,” which was not apparently the Persian mirror shown in the Dome of the Rock down to 1886, and said to be now at Constantinople, which used to be called “Ḥamzah’s Buckler.” Such was Jerusalem--Christian and Moslem--in the peaceful days of Islâm under El Mâmûn. But many troubles were to come before the pilgrims, who now began to be more numerous, could find security once more under Latin rulers; and to the history of their oppression by Turks and Egyptians we must now turn. FOOTNOTES TO CHAPTER XI [449] De Vogüé, “Temple de Jérusalem,” 1863, p. 84; see Ḳorân iv. 169, xix. 34–7. [450] Extracts from Eutychius, “Annales,” bk. ii., in the series of Pal. Pilgrims’ Texts Society, 1895. [451] Besant and Palmer, “Jerusalem,” 1871, p. 71; Theophanes, “Chronographia” (see Robinson, “Bib. Res.,” i. p. 389); Eutychius “Annales,” ii. [452] See Suyûti, as quoted by Guy le Strange, “Pal. under Moslems,” 1890, p. 112. [453] Guy le Strange, “Palestine under the Moslems,” 1890, pp. 138–44. [454] _Ibid._, p. 91; Theophanes, “Chronographia”; William of Tyre, I. ii., “Ex opere musaico Arabici idiomatis, literarum vetustissime monumenta quæ illius (Omar) tempore esse credentur.” [455] “Ceterum in illo famoso loco ubi quondam templum magnifice constructum fuerat, in vicinia muri ab oriente locatum, nunc Saraceni quadrangulam orationis domum quam subrectis tabulis et magnis trabibus super quasdam ruinarum reliquias construentes, vili fabricati sunt opere, ipsi frequentant, que utique domus tria hominum millia simul ut fertur capere potest.” [456] See my volume, “Heth and Moab,” 1st edit., p. 377; Besant and Palmer, “Jer.,” p. 78; El Y’aḳûbi (c. 874 A. D.). [457] Ḳorân, xvii. 1. [458] Arculphus, “Situs quippe ipsius urbis a supercilio aquilonali montis Sion incipiens.” [459] Prof. Hayter Lewis, “Holy Places of Jer.,” 1888, p. 64. Eutychius is there quoted as saying, “Abdil Maleci Ebn Mervan mittens hic Hierosolyma, templum auxit donec petram in ipsum inferet, hominesque Hierosolyma peregrinari jussit.” Before this the “templum” was the Aḳṣa only. [460] Ḳorân, cxii., lvii. 2, iv. 169, xix. 34–7, xvii. in. See de Vogüé, “Temple de Jérusalem,” p. 84; Besant and Palmer, “Jerusalem,” pp. 86–8. [461] De Vogüé, “Temple de Jérusalem,” pl. xxxvii. [462] _Ibid._, pp. 91, 92. [463] Mejîr el Dîn (_c._ 1520 A. D.). See Guy le Strange, “Pal. under Moslems,” p. 153. [464] See “Mem. West Pal. Survey,” Jerusalem vol., 1883, pp. 246–50.