The Civilisation of the Renaissance in ItalyBurckhardt, Jacob
History
The Civilisation of the Renaissance in Italy
Burckhardt, Jacob
Italy -- Civilization; Renaissance -- Italy
The force of his imagination explains, for example, the fact that he was
the first gambler on a large scale in modern times. Pictures of future
wealth and enjoyment rose in such life-like colours before his eyes,
that he was ready to hazard everything to reach them. The Mohammedan
nations would doubtless have anticipated him in this respect, had not
the Koran, from the beginning, set up the prohibition against gambling
as a chief safeguard of public morals, and directed the imagination of
its followers to the search after buried treasures. In Italy, the
passion for play reached an intensity which often threatened or
altogether broke up the existence of the gambler. Florence had already,
at the end of the fourteenth century, its Casanova--a certain
Buonaccorso Pitti,[989] who, in the course of his incessant journeys as
merchant, political agent, diplomatist and professional gambler, won and
lost sums so enormous that none but princes like the Dukes of Brabant,
Bavaria, and Savoy, were able to compete with him. That great
lottery-bank, which was called the Court of Rome, accustomed people to a
need of excitement, which found its satisfaction in games of hazard
during the intervals between one intrigue and another. We read, for
example, how Franceschetto Cybò, in two games with the Cardinal
Raffaello Riario, lost no less than 14,000 ducats, and afterwards
complained to the Pope that his opponent had cheated him.[990] Italy has
since that time been the home of the lottery.
It was to the imagination of the Italians that the peculiar character of
their vengeance was due. The sense of justice was, indeed, one and the
same throughout Europe, and any violation of it, so long as no
punishment was inflicted, must have been felt in the same manner. But
other nations, though they found it no easier to forgive, nevertheless
forgot more easily, while the Italian imagination kept the picture of
the wrong alive with frightful vividness.[991] The fact that, according
to the popular morality, the avenging of blood is a duty--a duty often
performed in a way to make us shudder--gives to this passion a peculiar
and still firmer basis. The government and the tribunals recognise its
existence and justification, and only attempt to keep it within certain
limits. Even among the peasantry, we read of Thyestean banquets and
mutual assassination on the widest scale. Let us look at an
instance.[992]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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