The Close of the Middle Ages, 1272-1494, 3rd Ed.Lodge, Richard, Sir
History
The Close of the Middle Ages, 1272-1494, 3rd Ed.
Lodge, Richard, Sir
Middle Ages
Lorenzo’s conduct shows that he was fully conscious of the altered
position which events had enabled him to assume. Hitherto the Medici had
been content to intermarry with Florentine families, and thus to
recognise their equality of rank. But Lorenzo, as a prince, must seek a
foreign bride, and he married Clarice Orsini, a daughter of the famous
family of Roman nobles. Though his own tastes led him to show an
interest in art and literature, and to encourage [Sidenote:
Constitutional changes.] the amusements of the people, he was also
inspired by the wish to establish a court on the lines which had become
familiar in the principalities of Italy. In their intercourse with
Lorenzo the Florentines showed a deference and even a servility which
would have been deemed wholly out of place in the days of Cosimo and
Piero. This growth of a monarchical element within the republic is
probably the explanation of the numerous and obscure constitutional
changes which were made or attempted in the early years of Lorenzo’s
administration. Their essential object was to secure absolute control of
appointments to the signory. In 1470 it was proposed that the
_accoppiatori_ should be chosen every year by a new college of
forty-five, consisting of men who had discharged this function since the
return of the Medici in 1434. The scheme was denounced as an attempt to
subject the city to forty-five tyrants, and failed to pass the council
of a hundred. In the next year, however, the same object was attained in
a different way. The existing _accoppiatori_ were associated with the
sitting members of the signoria as a permanent committee, and the names
which they proposed were to be carried in the Hundred by a bare
majority, instead of by the usual majority of two-thirds. In the same
year the legislative functions of the old councils of the people and of
the commune were suspended for ten years. It is difficult to estimate
the precise significance of these and other changes, but their general
effect was to narrow the circle of families among whose members the more
important offices circulated. This was certain to excite
dissatisfaction; and among the malcontents we find the Pazzi, an old
noble family which had devoted itself to commerce, and now became rivals
of the Medici in business as well as in politics.
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