The Coal Measures Amphibia of North AmericaMoodie, Roy Lee
Science
The Coal Measures Amphibia of North America
Moodie, Roy Lee
Amphibians, Fossil -- North America; Paleontology -- Carboniferous; Paleontology -- North America
Jaekel's "perisquamosal" (see plate 15), which is of a doubtful nature, is
not indicated in the type specimen nor in the specimens of the other two
species (462) assigned to this genus. In _D. robustus_ and _D. lævis_ the
"perisquamosal" region is easily separable into its component elements.
The sutures between the elements may have been indistinct in his specimen,
but it is hardly conceivable that a union of the skull bones would occur
in one species and not in another of the same genus. Jaekel's suggestion
(347) that "Etwas mehr Wahrscheinlichkeit möchte ich der Vorstellung
beimessen, dass diese Ausbreitungen zum Schutz freier Kiemen dienten, wie
sie z. B. bei den Perennibranchiaten als baumförmige Organe weit am Halse
herausragen" can hardly find acceptance with students of the Paleozoic
Amphibia, since there is not the slightest evidence that the Microsauria
ever possessed external gills and considerable presumptive evidence that
they did not. His comparison of the "perisquamosal" to the "Kiemendeckel"
of the fishes is also very unhappy on morphological grounds, since the
elements of his "perisquamosal" form constituent parts of the skull roof,
which the operculum never does.
The palate of the skull (plate 15, fig. 2) has been determined by removing
the skull bones of one specimen. Anteriorly the premaxillæ and maxillæ
are clearly recognizable as large dentiferous elements. The premaxillæ
have 4 to 7 teeth, the short maxilla has 3 to 4. All the teeth are of
nearly equal size. Smaller teeth seem to be indicated by impressions found
between the larger ones. The vomers, which are tolerably large, unite with
the premaxillæ behind and inclose at least half of the palatine foramen on
the inner side. They are furnished with small teeth, which in the anterior
part are very irregularly placed, but they are more regular posteriorly.
The palatines and transverse bones are questionably identified. They
seem to lie posterior and lateral to the vomers, but the sutures are
indistinct. The large parasphenoid seems well displayed and is more or
less heart-shaped. There would seem to be a slight indication of double
occipital condyles. The pterygoids are broad plates which inclose the
parasphenoid and form the lateral boundary of the palate. The cotyli are
very indistinct, but appear as elongate grooves.
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