The collected works of William Hazlitt, Vol. 01 (of 12)Hazlitt, William
General
The collected works of William Hazlitt, Vol. 01 (of 12)
Hazlitt, William
English essays -- 19th century
of imagination were equally thrown away upon our author. He was not only
without any particular fineness of organic sensibility, alive to all the
‘mighty world of ear and eye,’ which is necessary to the painter or
musician, but without that intenseness of passion, which, seeking to
exaggerate whatever excites the feelings of pleasure or power in the
mind, and moulding the impressions of natural objects according to the
impulses of imagination, produces a genius and a taste for poetry.
According to Dr. Johnson, a mountain is sublime, or a rose is beautiful;
for that their name and definition imply. But he would no more be able
to give the description of Dover cliff in _Lear_, or the description of
flowers in _The Winter’s Tale_, than to describe the objects of a sixth
sense; nor do we think he would have any very profound feeling of the
beauty of the passages here referred to. A stately common-place, such as
Congreve’s description of a ruin in the _Mourning Bride_, would have
answered Johnson’s purpose just as well, or better than the first; and
an indiscriminate profusion of scents and hues would have interfered
less with the ordinary routine of his imagination than Perdita’s lines,
which seem enamoured of their own sweetness—
——‘Daffodils
That come before the swallow dares, and take
The winds of March with beauty; violets dim,
But sweeter than the lids of Juno’s eyes,
Or Cytherea’s breath.’—
No one who does not feel the passion which these objects inspire can go
along with the imagination which seeks to express that passion and the
uneasy sense of delight accompanying it by something still more
beautiful, and no one can feel this passionate love of nature without
quick natural sensibility. To a mere literal and formal apprehension,
the inimitably characteristic epithet, ‘violets _dim_,’ must seem to
imply a defect, rather than a beauty; and to any one, not feeling the
full force of that epithet, which suggests an image like ‘the sleepy eye
of love,’ the allusion to ‘the lids of Juno’s eyes’ must appear
extravagant and unmeaning. Shakespear’s fancy lent words and images to
the most refined sensibility to nature, struggling for expression: his
descriptions are identical with the things themselves, seen through the
fine medium of passion: strip them of that connection, and try them by
ordinary conceptions and ordinary rules, and they are as grotesque and
barbarous as you please!—By thus lowering Shakespear’s genius to the
standard of common-place invention, it was easy to show that his faults
were as great as his beauties; for the excellence, which consists merely
in a conformity to rules, is counterbalanced by the technical violation
of them. Another circumstance which led to Dr. Johnson’s indiscriminate
praise or censure of Shakespear, is the very structure of his style.
Johnson wrote a kind of rhyming prose, in which he was as much compelled
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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