The collected works of William Hazlitt, Vol. 06 (of 12)Hazlitt, William
General
The collected works of William Hazlitt, Vol. 06 (of 12)
Hazlitt, William
English essays -- 19th century
Farther, what is meant by perfection in mechanical exercises is the
performing certain feats to a uniform nicety, that is, in fact,
undertaking no more than you can perform. You task yourself, the limit
you fix is optional, and no more than human industry and skill can
attain to: but you have no abstract, independent standard of difficulty
or excellence (other than the extent of your own powers). Thus he who
can keep up four brass balls does this _to perfection_; but he cannot
keep up five at the same instant, and would fail every time he attempted
it. That is, the mechanical performer undertakes to emulate himself, not
to equal another.[26] But the artist undertakes to imitate another, or
to do what nature has done, and this it appears is more difficult,
_viz._ to copy what she has set before us in the face of nature or
‘human face divine,’ entire and without a blemish, than to keep up four
brass balls at the same instant; for the one is done by the power of
human skill and industry, and the other never was nor will be. Upon the
whole, therefore, I have more respect for Reynolds, than I have for
Richer; for, happen how it will, there have been more people in the
world who could dance on a rope like the one than who could paint like
Sir Joshua. The latter was but a bungler in his profession to the other,
it is true; but then he had a harder task-master to obey, whose will was
more wayward and obscure, and whose instructions it was more difficult
to practise. You can put a child apprentice to a tumbler or rope-dancer
with a comfortable prospect of success, if they are but sound of wind
and limb: but you cannot do the same thing in painting. The odds are a
million to one. You may make indeed as many H—s and H—s, as you put into
that sort of machine, but not one Reynolds amongst them all, with his
grace, his grandeur, his blandness of _gusto_, ‘in tones and gestures
hit,’ unless you could make the man over again. To snatch this grace
beyond the reach of art is then the height of art—where fine art begins,
and where mechanical skill ends. The soft suffusion of the soul, the
speechless breathing eloquence, the looks ‘commercing with the skies,’
the ever-shifting forms of an eternal principle, that which is seen but
for a moment, but dwells in the heart always, and is only seized as it
passes by strong and secret sympathy, must be taught by nature and
genius, not by rules or study. It is suggested by feeling, not by
laborious microscopic inspection: in seeking for it without, we lose the
harmonious clue to it within: and in aiming to grasp the substance, we
let the very spirit of art evaporate. In a word, the objects of fine art
are not the objects of sight but as these last are the objects of taste
and imagination, that is, as they appeal to the sense of beauty, of
pleasure, and of power in the human breast, and are explained by that
finer sense, and revealed in their inner structure to the eye in return.
Nature is also a language.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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