The collected works of William Hazlitt, Vol. 08 (of 12)Hazlitt, William
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The collected works of William Hazlitt, Vol. 08 (of 12)
Hazlitt, William
English essays -- 19th century
These imperfect hints of double meanings, however, pass off without any
marks of reprobation; for unless they are insisted on, or made pretty
broad, the audience, from being accustomed to the cautious purity of the
modern drama, are not very expert in decyphering the equivocal allusion,
for which they are not on the look-out. To what is this increased nicety
owing? Was it that vice, from being formerly less common (though more
fashionable) was less catching than at present? The first inference is
by no means in our favour: for though I think that the grossness of
manners prevailing in our fashionable comedies was a direct transcript
of the manners of the court at the time, or in the period immediately
preceding, yet the same grossness of expression and allusion existed
long before, as in the plays of Shakspeare and Ben Jonson, when there
was not this grossness of manners, and it has of late years been
gradually refining away. There is a certain grossness or freedom of
expression, which may arise as often from unsuspecting simplicity as
from avowed profligacy. Whatever may be our progress either in virtue or
vice since the age of Charles II. certain it is, that our manners are
not mended since the time of Elizabeth and Charles I. Is it, then, that
vice was formerly a thing more to be wondered at than imitated; that
behind the rigid barriers of religion and morality it might be exposed
freely, without the danger of any serious practical consequences—whereas
now that the safeguards of wholesome authority and prejudice are
removed, we seem afraid to trust our eyes or ears with a single
situation or expression of a loose tendency, as if the mere mention of
licentiousness implied a conscious approbation of it, and the extreme
delicacy of our moral sense would be debauched by the bare suggestion of
the possibility of vice? But I shall not take upon me to answer this
question. The characters in the Double Gallant are well kept up: At-All
and Lady Dainty are the two most prominent characters in this comedy,
and those into which Cibber has put most of his own nature and genius.
They are the essence of active impertinence and fashionable frivolity.
Cibber, in short, though his name has been handed down to us as a
bye-word of impudent pretension and impenetrable dulness by the
classical pen of his accomplished rival, who, unfortunately, did not
admit of any merit beyond the narrow circle of wit and friendship in
which he himself moved, was a gentleman and a scholar of the old school;
a man of wit and pleasantry in conversation, a diverting mimic, an
excellent actor, an admirable dramatic critic, and one of the best comic
writers of his age. His works, instead of being a _caput mortuum_ of
literature, had a great deal of the spirit, with a little too much of
the froth. His Nonjuror was taken from Moliere’s Tartuffe, and has been
altered to the Hypocrite. Love’s Last Shift appears to have been his own
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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