The Commercial Products of the Vegetable Kingdom: Considered in Their Various Uses to Man and in Their Relation to the Arts and Manufactures; Forming a Practical Treatise & Handbook of Reference for the Colonist, Manufacturer, Merchant, and Consumer, on the Cultivation, Preparation for Shipment, and Commercial Value, &c. of the Various Substances Obtained From Trees and Plants, Entering into the Husbandry of Tropical and Sub-tropical Regions, &c.Simmonds, P. L. (Peter Lund)
Science
The Commercial Products of the Vegetable Kingdom: Considered in Their Various Uses to Man and in Their Relation to the Arts and Manufactures; Forming a Practical Treatise & Handbook of Reference for the Colonist, Manufacturer, Merchant, and Consumer, on the Cultivation, Preparation for Shipment, and Commercial Value, &c. of the Various Substances Obtained From Trees and Plants, Entering into the Husbandry of Tropical and Sub-tropical Regions, &c.
Simmonds, P. L. (Peter Lund)
Botany, Economic
In an hour or so after, the coffee may be removed to the barbacues
for curing; it is there spread out thinly and exposed to the sun,
which, if shining strong, will in eight or nine hours absorb all the
water, and the coffee be fit for housing that day. I say fit for
housing, because I have repeatedly seen coffee washed out early in
the morning and put up the same evening. I cannot say I approve of
the system, though in fine weather it has been attended with
success. From the time the coffee is first exposed to the sun till
the silver skin starts, is the stage, in my opinion, during which
the produce suffers most injury. In the first instance, it should be
kept constantly turned, in order to get the water absorbed as early
as possible; and after it has been housed, the greatest precaution
should be taken to prevent its heating: and it is for this reason
that I disapprove of early housing, for if wet weather should
intervene, and the coffee cannot be turned out, it is sure to get
heated. From this neglect I have seen a perfect steam issuing from
the house in the morning when the doors have been opened; and I have
known, as a natural consequence, the adhesion of the silver skin to
the berry so firm, that it could not be removed by a sharp penknife
without slicing the berry.
In a succession of wet weather the produce has remained on the
barbacues for several weeks, without the slightest advance in
curing; and, unless it be frequently turned while in this wet
state, it is sure to germinate; the berries first swell, then a thin
white spire issues from the seam, and on opening the berry the young
leaves will be actually seen formed inside, so rapid is the course
of vegetation.
I am of opinion that coffee should not be housed till the silver
skin begins to start, when no danger can ensue; for if a few wet
days should intervene, by turning the coffee over in the house, and
allowing a current of air to pass through it, it will keep for
weeks. It is at this stage that the parchment skin begins to show
itself, for at first it adheres to the inner kernel, but the heat of
the sun starts it from its hold and it separates; thus, on shaking a
handful of the produce it will be heard to rattle, a sure indication
that the silver skin has risen from the bean, without even threshing
it to ascertain the fact. The bean is perfectly white till the
silver skin starts; it then begins gradually to assume the dark, or
what is called the half-cured appearance. A good day's strong sun
will then half cure it, and by subsequent exposure the produce takes
another stage, and gradually loses the half-cured, and assumes a
blue colour; and when the produce is properly cured and fit for the
mill, not the slightest dark spot will be perceptible in the bean,
but it will exhibit a horny blue colour.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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