The Common Spiders of the United StatesEmerton, J. H. (James Henry)
Science
The Common Spiders of the United States
Emerton, J. H. (James Henry)
Spiders -- United States
$Epeira cinerea.$--This large spider is common in the northern part of
New England, from Maine to New York, where it lives in great numbers
about barns and houses. It grows to three-quarters of an inch in length,
with the abdomen proportionally larger than _angulata_ and with two
small humps on the front part (fig. 391). The color is dirty white, with
grayish markings and long white hairs scattered all over the body. The
cephalothorax is a little darkened at the sides, but has no distinct
stripes. The legs have gray rings at the ends and middle of each joint,
which are hardly visible in some individuals and almost black in others.
The markings are like those of _angulata_, but paler and often
indistinct. The sternum is brown, and the under side of the abdomen has
a central dark stripe bordered by curved yellow markings. The epigynum
is small, as in _angulata_, but the finger is flattened and turned up at
the end. The male is colored like the female, with the hairs on the legs
coarser and darker. The tibia of the second legs of the male is not
thickened or modified as it is in _angulata_. The webs resemble those of
_E. sclopetaria_, and the spider has similar habits, standing in the web
at night and usually leaving it in the daytime; and it has no special
thread from the web to the nest.
[Illustration: FIG. 392. Epeira corticaria.--Back of female enlarged
eight times.]
$Epeira corticaria.$--This is a small species about quarter of an inch
in length, with the abdomen angular in front, where it is as wide as
long (fig. 392). The colors are generally lighter and brighter than in
_angulata_ or _silvatica_. The cephalothorax has the cephalic part brown
and the sides pale. The legs are marked with broken brown rings at the
ends and middle of each joint. The abdomen is brown of various shades,
with light markings on the front part that are often bright red or
yellow. There is a narrow light line across the abdomen from the middle
to each hump and around the outer side of it. In front of these light
lines the abdomen is generally darker, except a light spot, sometimes
cross shaped, in the middle. The hinder half of the abdomen has
sometimes an indistinct middle stripe. The under side of the abdomen has
the usual middle dark area, with a curved yellow mark each side of it.
The finger of the epigynum is usually absent, as if broken off.
[Illustration: FIGS. 393, 394, 395. Epeira trivittata, enlarged four
times.--393, female. 394, male. 395, markings of under side of abdomen.]
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