The Common Spiders of the United StatesEmerton, J. H. (James Henry)
Science
The Common Spiders of the United States
Emerton, J. H. (James Henry)
Spiders -- United States
$Cyrba tæniola.$--A small flat spider, nearly black, the females quarter
of an inch long, and the males a sixth of an inch (fig. 159). The
cephalothorax is one-half longer than wide, very low and flat, with the
sides parallel for half its length. The front middle eyes are large and
close together, the lateral eyes half as large and a little separated
from them. The first legs are twice as thick as the others and have the
femora flattened, but in the female the fourth legs are longest. The
abdomen is as wide as the cephalothorax and a little longer. The hairs
all over the body are short. The cephalothorax is black, smooth, and
without markings. The abdomen is dark gray, with two rows of white spots
often indistinct and perhaps sometimes absent. The legs have the femora
and patella and tibia of first and second pairs black or dark brown and
the other joints light and black at the ends. The under side is black.
The sternum is very short, so that the basal joints of the front legs
touch each other.
[Illustration: FIGS. 161, 162. Hasarius hoyi.--161, young female enlarged
six times. 162, abdomen of adult female to show difference in markings.]
$Hasarius hoyi.$--This species may be known by its peculiar colors,--the
dark portions brown or black and the light parts white and orange brown
(figs. 161, 162). These colors are, as usual, brighter and the markings
more distinct in the males. In front around the eyes the cephalothorax
is covered with white hairs. At the sides a white band extends backward
under the eyes, turning inward but not reaching the middle line. There
is a light band, part white and part orange, around the abdomen and
several angular marks in the middle, two of them in the hinder half,
sometimes united into a large spot. In alcohol, and less plainly seen
when alive, is a light band under the hairs, extending across the middle
of the cephalothorax and forward on the sides under the eyes.
In females all these markings are less distinct, but traces of them can
be found in most individuals. The colors are more brownish, and the
markings of the abdomen smaller and more uniform in shape. The markings
of the legs are dark on the middle joints and light at the base and on
the tarsi, with strong contrasts in color in the males and little in the
females. The length of this species is about a quarter of an inch for
large females. The males are smaller.
[Illustration: FIGS. 163, 164. Synemosyna formica.--163, female enlarged
eight times. 164, side of female.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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