The Common Spiders of the United StatesEmerton, J. H. (James Henry)
Science
The Common Spiders of the United States
Emerton, J. H. (James Henry)
Spiders -- United States
$Steatoda triangulosa.$--The female is a fifth of an inch to a quarter
of an inch long. The legs are longer and more slender than in the other
species, the first pair twice as long as the body. The cephalothorax is
orange brown, slightly rough in females and with short ridges at the
base of the hairs in males. The front middle eyes are not larger than
the others and are not as far forward as in _borealis_. The legs are
light yellow, with slightly darker rings at the ends of the joints.
There are thickened brown spots at the base of the hairs all over the
body. The abdomen is light yellow, with two irregular brown stripes
partly broken into spots and sometimes connected together (fig. 286).
The palpi of the male are as long as the femur of the second legs and
are small at the end. This spider lives in houses, around window frames
and similar places, like _borealis_. The egg cocoons are white and hang
in the web.
[Illustration: FIG. 287. Asagena americana.--Back of female enlarged
eight times.]
$Asagena americana.$--This resembles Steatoda, but the abdomen is longer
and flatter, and the whole appearance more like some of the Drassidæ.
Like Steatoda, it is usually found with its web under stones. It is
about a sixth of an inch long. The cephalothorax is dark reddish brown,
slightly rough in the females and with sharp points along the sides in
the males. The legs are yellow brown and in the males have two rows of
small teeth under each femur. They are stout, as in _Steatoda
marmorata_, and differ little in length. The abdomen is oval and dark
brown in color, with two white spots across the middle (fig. 287). The
front of the head is rounded and a third as wide as the thorax. The eyes
are close together and all about the same size. The males have the
cephalothorax larger and rougher, but in size and color resemble the
females.
[Illustration: FIGS. 288, 289, 290, 291. Latrodectus mactans.--288,
female enlarged twice. 289, under side of abdomen. 290, back of abdomen
of young female, with four red spots. 291, markings of abdomen of male.]
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