“That which is proposed for the erecting and endowing of schools
throughout the tribes, capable of all the children of the same, and able
to give to the poor the education of theirs gratis, is only matter of
direction in case of very great charity, as easing the needy of the
charge of their children from the ninth to the fifteenth year of their
age, during which time their work cannot be profitable; and restoring
them when they may be of use, furnished with tools whereof there are
advantages to be made in every work, seeing he that can read and use his
pen has some convenience by it in the meanest vocation. And it cannot
be conceived but that which comes, though in small parcels, to the
advantage of every man in his vocation, must amount to the advantage of
every vocation, and so to that of the whole commonwealth. Wherefore this
is commended to the charity of every wise-hearted and well-minded man,
to be done in time, and as God shall stir him up or enable him; there
being such provision already in the case as may give us leave to proceed
without obstruction.
“Parents, under animadversion of the censors, are to dispose of their
children at the fifteenth year of their age to something; but what, is
left, according to their abilities or inclination, at their own choice.
This, with the multitude, must be to the mechanics, that is to say to
agriculture or husbandry, to manufactures, or to merchandise.
“Agriculture is the bread of the nation; we are hung upon it by the
teeth; it is a mighty nursery of strength, the best army, and the most
assured knapsack; it is managed with the least turbulent or ambitious,
and the most innocent hands of all other arts. Wherefore I am of
Aristotle’s opinion, that a commonwealth of husbandmen--and such is
ours--must be the best of all others. Certainly my lords, you have no
measure of what ought to be, but what can be, done for the encouragement
of this profession. I could wish I were husband good enough to direct
something to this end; but racking of rents is a vile thing in the
richer sort, an uncharitable one to the poorer, a perfect mark of
slavery, and nips your commonwealth in the fairest blossom. On the other
side, if there should be too much ease given in this kind, it would
occasion sloth, and so destroy industry, the principal nerve of a
commonwealth. But if aught might be done to hold the balance even
between these two, it would be a work in this nation equal to that for
which Fabius was surnamed Maximus by the Romans.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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