No date is assigned to this charter, for Henry’s long rule at Winchester lasted till 1171. But my paper on “Hilary bishop of Chichester”[281] enables us to identify him with “Magister Ilarius” the witness, and to date the charter as previous not only to 1147, but also, in all probability, to 1141, by which time he was dean of Christchurch. This then carries back our charter to the vacancy in the See of London (1134–1141), which explains the bishop of Winchester interfering thus forcibly in its affairs. * * * * * I have now proved the existence under Stephen, in accordance with Henry’s charter,[282] of three Justiciars of London, all leading citizens, namely, Andrew Buchuinte, Osbert Huitdeniers, and Gervase of Cornhill.[283] But we must not forget the grant of the office to Geoffrey de Mandeville, earl of Essex, a grant made by Stephen[284] and confirmed by the Empress. Here again the charters of St. Martin’s enable us to complete our evidence. For in one of them, issued from his stronghold the Tower, we find Geoffrey taking, as if he were proud of it, the style of “Justiciar of London.” We may safely date it 1142–3. Galfridus dei gratia comes Essex[ie] et Justiciarius London[iæ] Roberto eadem gratia Londoniensi episcopo et Arch[idiacon]o et omnibus baronibus et hominibus suis, et omnibus tenentibus et amicis suis London[iæ] et Essex[iæ] tam clericis quam laicis, salutem. Quam[285] super modum peccavi, et male vivendo et bona ecclesiastica præter rationem diripiendo Deum offendi, ex penitencia mea immerita dampna ecclesiæ Sancti Martini London[iæ] quodam modo restituere, et voluntati canonicorum satisfacere proposui, etc.... This curious charter of the dreaded and unscrupulous earl restores to the canons their Essex manors-- quæ injuste illis ablatæ sunt quietas de operationibus et auxiliis vic[ecomitis] et plac[itis] sicut melius et liberius et quietius tenuerunt tempore regis Henrici et postea melius. Testibus: Rohaisa comitissa uxore mea, et Willelmo archidiacono London[iensi], et Waltero fratre ipsius, Gregorio clerico, et Osberto clerico, Willelmo archidiacono,[286] et Willelmo de Moching,[287] et Ricardo filio Osberti constabulario,[288] et Gist[289] vic[ecomite], et Ailwino filio Lopstan,[290] et Roberto de Ponte, et Hugone filio Ulgeri, et Moricio de Tirtet.[291] Apud London[iam] in Turri, coram monach[is] Westm[onasterii]. That this charter was wrung from the earl in a passing fit of repentance, consequent on grave illness, is rendered probable by a singular document, of which the text was communicated to me by the bishop of Oxford. It is, unfortunately, imperfect.