If a Gangrene ensueth, Sudorificks must be taken inwardly; such are camphirated Spirit of Treacle, the Essence and Spirit of Elder-Berries, the Spirit of Hart's-Horn with its own proper Salt, Treacle impregnated with the Spirit of camphirated Wine, Scorpion-Water, Hart's-Horn, Citron with Camphire, &c. As for external Remedies in the beginning of the Gangrene, the Spirit of Wine apply'd hot is excellent; and yet better if Aloes, Frankincense, and Myrrh be intermixt therein. It ought also to be observ'd, that Camphire must always be mingled in the topical Medicines for the Cure of the Gangrene. A Decoction of unslack'd lime, in which Brimstone hath been boil'd, with _Mercurius Dulcis_, and the Spirit of Wine, is a very efficacious Remedy. In a considerable Gangrene, after having made deep Scarifications, let Horse-Dung be boil'd in Wine, and laid upon the Part in form of a Cataplasm. This is an approved Remedy. If a _Sphacelus_ be begun, scarifie the Part, and apply thereto abundance of _Unguentum Ægyptiacum_ over and above the Ointments and Cataplasms already describ'd; remembring {164} always, that when the Gangrene degenerates into a _Sphacelus_, all the mortify'd Parts must be incontinently separated or cut off from the sound. * * * * * CHAP. VII. _Of Ulcers in general._ _What is an Ulcer?_ An Ulcer is a Rupture of the Natural Union of the Parts made a long while ago, which is maintain'd by the _Sanies_ that runs out of its Cavity; or an Ulcer takes its Rise from a Wound that cou'd not be well cur'd in its proper time, by reason of the ill quality of its _Pus_ or corrupt Matter. _What difference is there between a Wound and an Ulcer?_ It is this, that a Wound always proceeds from an external Cause, and an Ulcer from an internal, such as Humours that fall upon a Part; or else a Wound in growing inveterate degenerates into an Ulcer. _Whence is the difference of Ulcers deriv'd?_ It is taken from the Causes that produce 'em, and the Symptoms or Accidents with which they are accompany'd. Thus upon Account of their Causes they are call'd Benign or Malignant, Great, Little, Dangerous, or Mortal; and by reason of their Accidents, they are term'd Putrid, Corrosive, Cavernous, Fistulous, Cancerous, _&c._ {165} _Do Ulcers always proceed from external Causes, or from an outward Wound degenerated?_ No they sometimes also derive their Origine from internal Causes, as the Acrimony of Humours, or their Malignant Quality; the Retention of a Splint of a Bone, and other things of the like Nature. These Ulcers are commonly call'd Primitive, and the others Degenerate. _What are Putrid, Corrosive, Cavernous, Fistulous and Cancerous Ulcers?_ The Putrid Ulcer is that wherein the Flesh is soft and scabby, the _Pus_ and _Ichor_ being viscous, stinking, and of a cadaverous smell. The Corrosive Ulcer is that which by the Acrimony and Malignity of its _Sanies_, corrodes, makes hollow, corrupts and mortifies the Flesh.