The complete works of John Gower, volume 2 : $b The English worksGower, John
General
The complete works of John Gower, volume 2 : $b The English works
Gower, John
Poetry
In Gower’s five-accent line, as exhibited in the Supplication of viii.
2217-2300 and in the poem _In Praise of Peace_, Schipper finds less
smoothness of metre, ‘owing perhaps to the greater unfamiliarity and
difficulty of the stanza and verse’ (_Englische Metrik_, i. 483 ff.).
His examples, however, are not conclusive on this point. Some of the
lines cited owe their irregularity to corruptions of text, and others
prove to be quite regularly in accordance with Gower’s usual metrical
principles.
For instance, in viii. 2220 the true text is
‘That wher so that I reste or I travaile,’
which is a metrically perfect line. Again, in the _Praise of Peace_, l.
79,
‘And to the heven it ledeth ek the weie,’
it is impossible, according to Gower’s usage, that ‘heven’ should stand
as a dissyllable. He wrote always ‘hevene,’ and the penultimate was
syncopated. So also ‘levere’ in l. 340, ‘evere,’ l. 376. Hence there is
no ‘epic caesura’ in any of these cases. Nor again in l. 164, ‘Crist
is the heved,’ can ‘heved’ be taken as a dissyllable in the verse: it
is always metrically equivalent to ‘hed.’ The only fair instance of a
superfluous syllable at the caesura is in l. 66,
‘For of bataile the final ende is pees.’
It seems that the trochee occurs more commonly here than in the short
line. Such examples as Schipper quotes, occurring at the beginning of
the line,
‘Axe of thi god, so schalt thou noght be werned,’
‘Pes is the chief of al the worldes welthe,’
are of the same character as those which we find in the octosyllabics.
Perhaps, however, a difference is afforded by the more frequent
occurrence of the same licence in other parts of the verse, as,
‘So that undir his swerd it myht obeie,’ 39.
The rhyming on words like ‘manhode,’ ‘axinge,’ &c., is in accordance
with the poet’s general usage.
On the whole, the combination of the syllabic and the accentual
system is effected in the five-accent line of these stanzas almost as
completely as in the short couplet; and in his command of the measure,
in the variety of his caesura, and the ease with which he passes
without pause from line to line and rounds off the stanza with the
matter, the author shows himself to be as fully master of his craft
upon this ground as in the more familiar measure of the _Confessio
Amantis_.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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