The Condition of the Working-Class in England in 1844: with a Preface written in 1892Engels, Friedrich
History
The Condition of the Working-Class in England in 1844: with a Preface written in 1892
Engels, Friedrich
Great Britain -- Economic conditions; Working class -- Great Britain
Roberts brought the disreputable mine owners before the courts, and
compelled the reluctant Justices of the Peace to condemn them; such dread
of this "lightning" "Attorney General" who seemed to be everywhere at
once spread among them, that at Belper, for instance, upon Roberts'
arrival, a truck firm published the following notice:
"NOTICE!
"PENTRICH COAL MINE.
"The Messrs. Haslam think it necessary, in order to prevent all
mistakes, to announce that all persons employed in their colliery will
receive their wages wholly in cash, and may expend them when and as
they choose to do. If they purchase goods in the shops of Messrs.
Haslam they will receive them as heretofore at wholesale prices, but
they are not expected to make their purchases there, and work and
wages will be continued as usual whether purchases are made in these
shops or elsewhere."
This triumph aroused the greatest jubilation throughout the English
working-class, and brought the Union a mass of new members. Meanwhile
the strike in the North was proceeding. Not a hand stirred, and
Newcastle, the chief coal port, was so stripped of its commodity that
coal had to be brought from the Scotch coast, in spite of the proverb. At
first, while the Union's funds held out, all went well, but towards
summer the struggle became much more painful for the miners. The
greatest want prevailed among them; they had no money, for the
contributions of the workers of all branches of industry in England
availed little among the vast number of strikers, who were forced to
borrow from the small shopkeepers at a heavy loss. The whole press, with
the single exception of the few proletarian journals, was against them;
the bourgeois, even the few among them who might have had enough sense of
justice to support the miners, learnt from the corrupt Liberal and
Conservative sheets only lies about them. A deputation of twelve miners
who went to London received a sum from the proletariat there, but this,
too, availed little among the mass who needed support. Yet, in spite of
all this, the miners remained steadfast, and what is even more
significant, were quiet and peaceable in the face of all the hostilities
and provocation of the mine owners and their faithful servants. No act
of revenge was carried out, not a renegade was maltreated, not one single
theft committed. Thus the strike had continued well on towards four
months, and the mine owners still had no prospect of getting the upper
hand. One way was, however, still open to them. They remembered the
cottage system; it occurred to them that the houses of the rebellious
spirits were THEIR property. In July, notice to quit was served the
workers, and, in a week, the whole forty thousand were put out of doors.
This measure was carried out with revolting cruelty. The sick, the
feeble, old men and little children, even women in childbirth, were
mercilessly turned from their beds and cast into the roadside ditches.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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