The Conquest of the Old Southwest; the romantic story of the early pioneers into Virginia, the Carolinas, Tennessee, and Kentucky, 1740-1790Henderson, Archibald
History
The Conquest of the Old Southwest; the romantic story of the early pioneers into Virginia, the Carolinas, Tennessee, and Kentucky, 1740-1790
Henderson, Archibald
Frontier and pioneer life -- Southwest, Old; Kentucky -- History -- To 1792; Southwest, Old -- History; Tennessee -- History
I hear that Henderson talks with great Freedom &
Indecency of the Governor of Virginia, sets the Government at Defiance &
says if he once had five hundred good Fellows settled in that Country he
would not Value Virginia." [155]
Early in 1775 runners were sent off to the Cherokee towns to summon the
Indians to the treaty ground at the Sycamore Shoals of the Watauga; and
Boone, after his return from a hunt in Kentucky in January, was summoned
by Judge Henderson to aid in the negotiations preliminary to the actual
treaty. The dominating figure in the remarkable assemblage at the treaty
ground, consisting of twelve hundred Indians and several hundred whites,
was Richard Henderson, "comely in person, of a benign and social
disposition," with countenance betokening the man of strenuous
action--"noble forehead, prominent nose, projecting chin, firm-set jaw,
with kindness and openness of expression." Gathered about him,
picturesque in garb and striking in appearance, were many of the
buckskin-clad leaders of the border--James Robertson, John Sevier, Isaac
Shelby, William Bailey Smith, and their compeers--as well as his
Carolina friends John Williams, Thomas and Nathaniel Hart, Nathaniel
Henderson, Jesse Benton, [156] and Valentine Searcy.
Little was accomplished on the first day of the treaty (March 14th); but
on the next day, the Cherokees offered to sell the section bargained for
by Donelson acting as agent for Virginia in 1771. Although the Indians
pointed out that Virginia had never paid the promised compensation of
five hundred pounds and had therefore forfeited her rights, Henderson
flatly refused to entertain the idea of purchasing territory to which
Virginia had the prior claim. Angered by Henderson's refusal, The
Dragging Canoe, leaping into the circle of the seated savages, made an
impassioned speech touched with the romantic imagination peculiar to the
American Indian. With pathetic eloquence he dwelt upon the insatiable
land-greed of the white men, and predicted the extinction of his race if
they committed the insensate folly of selling their beloved
hunting-grounds. Roused to a high pitch of oratorical fervor, the savage
with uplifted arm fiercely exhorted his people to resist further
encroachments at all hazards--and left the treaty ground. This incident
brought the conference to a startling and abrupt conclusion. On the
following day, however, the savages proved more tractable, agreeing to
sell the land as far south as the Cumberland River. In order to secure
the additional territory watered by the tributaries of the Cumberland,
Henderson agreed to pay an additional sum of two thousand pounds. Upon
this day there originated the ominous phrase descriptive of Kentucky
when The Dragging Canoe, dramatically pointing toward the west, declared
that a Dark Cloud hung over that land, which was known as the Bloody
Ground.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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