ENTERED, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1861, by JAMES R. GILMORE, in the Clerk's office of the District Court of the District of New York. * * * * * JOHN A. GRAY, PRINTER FOOTNOTES: [Footnote A: By the Seventh Census, (that of 1850,) it appears that 2,210,828 of our then population, were of foreign birth. We have not at hand the means of saying how that appears in the Census of 1860.] [Footnote B: Some of the contrasts which the census shows are startling. While South-Carolina has, in seventy years, only about doubled her free population, New-York, in the same period, has increased hers nearly ten-fold. Ohio, in ten years less time, has increased hers fifty-two fold, Indiana, in the same period, increased hers two hundred and eighty fold! and Illinois, in fifty years, increased hers one hundred and forty fold!] [Footnote C: Chance threw in our way, many years ago, in Philadelphia, a man whose life boasted one event. While a boy, he had for some time been sent every morning by his employer to inquire after the health of 'Mr. TALLEYRAND.' When a few years shall have passed, there will only be here and there one who can remember having met in New York or Philadelphia JOSEPH BONAPARTE or LOUIS NAPOLEON.--NOTE BY THE EDITOR.] [Footnote D: Vide _Gems and Jewels._ By Madame de Barrera.] [Footnote E: Jahresbenennung.] [Footnote F: King-tscheu is the sixth of the nine provinces which are described in the tax-roll of Ju, (which contains the sixth of the included divisions of the Annal-book.) It extended from the north side of the hill Hong. Compare Hongingta, the celebrated expounder of King in the times of Tang, with the already mentioned extracts from the Annal-book.] [Footnote G: In the Leang-schu we find an error in the writing, (a very frequent occurrence in Chinese transcriptions.) Instead of the character Tong (4233 Bas) we have Tang, (11,444 B.) which signifies _copper_, and according to which we must read, 'Their leaves resemble copper,' which is evidently an error.] [Footnote H: This is also the case in China with the bamboo sprouts, on which account they are termed _Sun_, (7449 B.) that is, the buds of the first ten days, since they only keep for that time.] [Footnote I: The year-books of Leans have a variation; instead of the character Kin, (11,492 B.) 'embroidered stuff,' (meaning, of course, embroidered or ornamented stuff in general,) we have Mien, which signifies 'fine silk.'] [Footnote J: Montesinos, _Mem. Antiguas_, MS. lib. 2, cap. 7. _Vide Prescott's Conquest of Peru_, Book I. p. 128.] [Footnote K: The narrative of these early voyages is preserved in Hakluyt's great _History of the Voyages and Discoveries of the English Nation_, and this and the following extracts are taken from Vol. III., published in 1600. Americana are under great obligations to this faithful old chronicler.]