The Cradle of the Christ: A Study in Primitive ChristianityFrothingham, Octavius Brooks
Religion
The Cradle of the Christ: A Study in Primitive Christianity
Frothingham, Octavius Brooks
Christianity -- Controversial literature
Our story is not yet told. As regards the New Testament books, though
the genius that produced them was Eastern, the judgment that brought
them together in a single collection was Western. No list of the New
Testament books pretending to carry weight was made until the year 360.
For two centuries and a half there was no Christian bible. The canon, as
it now stands, was fixed by Pope Innocent I., A. D. 405, by a special
decree. Why precisely these books were selected from the mass of
literature then in existence and use, is--except in two or three cases
where the prevailing sentiment of the actual Church threw out a book
like Enoch or kept in a book like the Apocalypse--still open to
conjecture. In such a dilemma Schwegler's conjecture, that the irenical
or reconciling books were retained, and the partisan writings dropped,
is as plausible as any, perhaps more so. The Church of Rome had two
patron saints--Peter and Paul; it claimed to be founded by both
Apostles, and, on this principle, adopted its canon of scripture. The
New Testament, by its arrangement, was, it is claimed, an expression in
literature of the Catholic claim.
As regards the Christ idea, though formed in the East, the West gave it
currency, made it the central feature of a vast religious system,
crowned it and placed it on a throne. Had the creative thought of
Judaism been confined to the East, our concern with it need have gone no
further. But the thought was not confined to the East, even in the
widest comprehension of that term. The Jews were everywhere. The
repeated disasters which befel their country gave fresh impulse to their
creed. Their ideas spread as their state diminished; and their ideas
were so vital that they captured and engaged the floating speculations
of the Gentile world whenever they were encountered. In Alexandria,
where Jews had been for two hundred and fifty or three hundred years,
and whither they flocked by thousands after each fresh national
disaster, the faith, instead of being extinguished by the flood of
speculation in that busy centre of the world's thought, revived, drew in
copious supplies of blood from the Greek spirit, and entered on a new
career. If it be true, as is declared in Smith's Dictionary of
Geography, that when the city of Alexandria was founded (B. C. 332) it
was laid out in three sections, one of which was assigned to the Jews,
their political and social influence must have corresponded to their
numbers. Prof. Huidekoper revives and reärgues the belief, that
travelled men of letters from Greece, preëminent among them, Plato, who
visited Egypt, borrowed from the Jews the ideas which ennobled and
beautified the Greek philosophy. The doctrines of the Stoics, Greek and
Roman, bear, in Mr. Huidekoper's opinion, evident marks of Jewish
origin. This is going, we think, beyond warrant of the facts. We may
claim much less and still place very high the intellectual sway of this
remarkable people.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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