Crime -- Great Britain; Criminal anthropology; Punishment -- Great Britain
Here and there, now and then, there are violent outcry and excitement
because of some administrative scandal, and there is seldom much in it;
but there is no continued and intelligent interest in administration on
the part of the public. If a man do not fulfil his contract his employer
may accept an excuse once or even twice; but if his failure continue he
will find himself out of a job, and someone less incompetent or
unfortunate will be sought and put in his place. In the public service
excuses and exceptions are so much the rule that it would be easy to form
a library of blue books containing them, printed and paid for at the
public expense.
Only ordinary cases of domestic sickness need be treated in prison, and
such ailments or injuries as are dealt with in the outdoor department of a
general hospital. In Scotland there is little inducement to prisoners to
feign sickness, as there is no automatic change in their diet or location
as a result of their being placed on the sick list. The doctor may or may
not remove them from their cells and alter their diet. So far as the Act
of Parliament is concerned the treatment of the sick lies wholly in his
discretion, and there is no power granted to any authority to interfere
with or overturn his decision. He may be questioned as to the reason for
his conduct; and if foolish enough or weak enough to be persuaded into
altering it, in order to please some higher official, he may do so; but
the Act of Parliament is absolutely specific in the matter, and refers the
sick not to the Commissioners, but to the surgeon of the prison.
It is much easier for a man to carry out an instruction received from
above, than to assert and act on the powers conferred on him by statute;
but it is not right to do so, and in so far as he is subservient he is
unfaithful to his trust. Patients cannot be treated by correspondence. No
man, however highly placed, is infallible. Better that the man on the
spot should accept his responsibilities frankly, even though he do make
mistakes, than that he should look to someone who is not present to direct
him in a case of difficulty. No medical man need want for help from his
neighbours, and he can easily get someone of approved skill to assist him
in the diagnosis or treatment of a difficult case. It is quite proper that
his actions should be scrutinised, but it is quite wrong that the scrutiny
should take place in private. The statute has recognised this principle,
and has ordered that a public enquiry should take place on the occasion of
the death of any prisoner in prison. The relatives of the prisoner are
there entitled to put any questions to the officials, personally or
through an agent; and the Sheriff has to be satisfied that all reasonable
care and skill have been exercised in the case.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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