Crime -- Great Britain; Criminal anthropology; Punishment -- Great Britain
Equal mental and physical development is rare in youth, and in practice
everybody recognises the fact. There are some big lads who are young for
their years and little ones who are preternaturally old-fashioned; but
time mends the matter, and a balance is established if something does not
occur to mar the youth meanwhile. Placed under conditions that favour the
development of muscle and prevent the development of the mental powers,
young men cannot be wholly blamed if now and then they shock us by showing
the natural result of such a course of training.
About the streets of the city there are lads who take care not to work
too hard. Many of them are the children of parents who have never
exercised much care over them, and in some cases they have been sent out
with a few coppers to purchase papers and sell them; or to beg. They have
learnt to like the life and have deliberately adopted it themselves in
preference to other employment. They come to prison sooner or later if
they escape the reformatory; and sometimes after they have been there.
There is only one opinion possible among those who know the facts about
the street-trading they carry on--that it should be abolished; and the
only real difficulty is that its abolition ought in justice to be
accompanied by some provision for the employment of those young persons
who have been engaged in it. The newsboy is a great convenience to the
public and the newspaper owners. He sometimes is an important aid to his
family, for in a proportion of cases the parent is as respectable and as
anxious to take care of the boy as anyone could wish. It is her poverty
that compels her to use his services. But the risks to the boys outweigh
all advantages. The poverty that compels a mother to subject her child to
such risks ought to be relieved; the public and the newspaper proprietors
would find other means of obtaining and delivering the news if they
realised the cost of the present condition of things; and a nursery of
criminals would be removed.
In most cases the parents require more attention than the boys, and
especially the female parent. The children are her peculiar care, and if
she takes to drink the results to them are serious. Whatever differences
of opinion there may be as to the hereditary transmission of intemperance,
there is no room for doubt as to its effect in causing the mother who is
subject to it to become an inefficient guardian of her child. Her family
suffers from neglect, and they are driven f on the street to pick up a
living as best they may. When they can they may take lodgings in a
"Model," and in any case they learn from others how they may live with
most license. They are nearly all gamblers, and honesty is not a virtue
that they find profitable.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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