[9] The early official correspondence concerning the route of the road shows plainly that it was really built for the benefit of the Chillicothe and Cincinnati settlements, which embraced a large portion of Ohio's population. The opening of river traffic in the first two decades of the century, however, had the effect of throwing the line of the road further northward through the capitals of Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois. Zane's Trace, diverging from the Cumberland Road at Zanesville, played an important part in the development of southwestern Ohio, becoming the course of the Lancaster and Maysville Pike. See _Historic Highways of America_, vol. xi. [10] See Appropriation No. 14, in Appendix A. [11] See Appropriations Nos. 20 and 21, in Appendix A. [12] _Private Laws of the United States_, May 17, 1796. [13] _Springfield Pioneer_, August 1837; also _Ohio State Journal_, August 8, 1837. [14] Harriet Martineau's _Society in America_, vol. i, p. 17. [15] Wabash-Erie, Whitewater, and Indiana Central Canals and the Madison and Indianapolis Railway. Cf. Atwater's _Tour_, p. 31. [16] _Illinois in '37_, pp. 766-767. This was probably passenger and freight traffic as the mails went overland from the very first, until the building of railways. [17] _Ohio State Journal_, January 8, 1836. [18] _Laws of Pennsylvania_ (pamphlet), p. 500. [19] See Appropriation No. 27, in Appendix A. [20] _Laws of Ohio_, XXIX, p. 76. For specimen advertisement for bids for erection of tollgates in Ohio see Appendix D. [21] _Laws of Pennsylvania_ (pamphlet), p. 419. [22] _Id._, p. 523. [23] _Id._, p. 477. [24] _Laws of Ohio_, XXXIV, p. 41; XXV, p. 7. [25] _Id._, XXIII, p. 447. [26] _Id._, XLIII, p. 89. [27] _Laws of Pennsylvania_ (pamphlet), p. 477. [28] _Laws of Ohio_, XLIII, p. 140. [29] _Id._, LVIII, p. 140. [30] _Laws of Pennsylvania_ (pamphlet), p. 500. [31] _Laws of Ohio_, XXVI, p. 41. [32] _Id._ [33] Concerning the celerity of opening the road after the completion of contracts, Captain Weaver, Superintendent in Ohio, made the following statement in his report of 1827: