Aśvamedha, sacrifice of a horse, II. 37 ――what understood by it, 38. Asul Fikah, “the science of the fundamentals of religion and law,” II. 375 n. 1. Aśulin, “solid reasoners,” II. 379. Asúlújía, supposed one of Aristotle’s works (translated into Arabic), III. 207 n. 1. Asuras, “demons,” churn the ocean, II. 42 n. 1. Asurviváha, a form of marriage among Hindus, II. 72. Atala-loka, one of the fourteen spheres, II. 12 ――an infernal region, _ibid._ n. 8. Atarid, “Mercury,” Muhammed’s arrival at it, III. 247. Atharva-Veda, II. 64. Athurnan, name of the first class of the people, I. 18. n. Atilia, a sect, II. 129. Ativáhika, “surpassing the wind in swiftness,” epithet of the subtile body, II. 178 n. 2. Atmá, “spirit,” II. 204. Atmáchand, a Sankhya philosopher, II. 123. Atma-jnani, Indian philosopher, III. 221. Atma Ráma, a Yogi, known under the name of Bahet Barvang, author of a mystical work, II. 137. _Atuni_, an aged matron and recorder of occurrences to the great princess, I. 170. Avach hata, “emaciated by abstinence,” II. 241. Avadhúta, a class of Sanyásis, II. 141. Avatára, “descent,” II. 17 ――explanation of it, 28, 29 ――explanation of Avátars by the author of the Dabistán, 30, 31, 32. Avayava, “a regular argument or syllogism,” II. 207 ――consisting of five members, _ibid._ n. 4. Aubúdiyet, “devotion,” III. 241 n. 2. Awen Khan, or Ung-Khan (Prester John), a Christian prince, protector of the fugitive Tamujin, later Jangis-Khan, III. 119 n. 1. Avidya, one of the five failings, II. 120. Avisenna (see Abu Ali Sina), his interpretation of Muhammed’s ascent to heaven, III. 177 to 200. Avivèchana, one of five failings, II. 120 n. 6. Aureng zeb, son of Shah Jehan――imprisons his father――his brother――is proclaimed emperor――defeats Darashiko――orders the execution of the latter, III. 285 n. 1. Awtad, “posts or stakes,” III. 265 n. Ayaá sahrim, the fourth Gáhambar, I. 347. Ayám, name of a Nosk of the Zand-Avesta, I. 275. Ayin Shakib, grandfather of Ayin Hosh, translator of the Desnad into popular Persian, I. 378. Ayin Hoshpúyár, a follower of Mazdak’s creed, I. 378. Ayipanthi, a sect, II. 128. Ayin Shakib, a Mobed, cuts his tongue, I. 186. Ayin Tush, son of Fartush, kills his father for having mortally wounded a deer, I. 184. Ayin vojud, “a real being,” III. 270. Ayu, “science of medicine,” II. 65 n. 1. Azád áwa, “free voice,” I. 81. Azadah, a Brahman, eats with Muselmans, II. 114, 116. Azad Bahman, “first intelligence,” I. 6, 149 n. 1. Azar, name of an angel and of a month, I. 61, 62 n. ――appears in Gushtasp’s palace, 257. Azar Ayin, ancestor of Azar Kaivan, I. 87. Azarbad, son of Márasfand, I. 238, 304, 305 ――his epoch referred to that of Zoroaster, 304 n. 2 ――confirms Ardai Viraf’s account by a miracle, 305 n. Azar Bahram, ancestor of Azar Kaiván, I. 87.