Conduct of life; English essays -- 20th century; Ethics; Philosophy
Long ago Edith Simcox (in a passage of her _Natural Law_ which chanced
to strike my attention very soon after the episode above narrated)
well described “conversion” as a “spiritual revolution,” not based on
any single rational consideration, but due to the “cumulative evidence
of cognate impressions” resulting, at a particular moment, not in a
change of belief, but in a total rearrangement and recolouring of
beliefs and impressions, with the supreme result that the order of the
universe is apprehended no longer as hostile, but as friendly. This is
the fundamental fact of “conversion,” which is the gate of mysticism.
Footnote 82:
How we are to analyse the conception of “universe”—apart from its
personal emotional tone, which is what mainly concerns us—is, of
course, a matter that must be left altogether open and free. Sir James
Frazer at the end of his _Golden Bough_ (“Balder the Beautiful,” vol.
II, p. 306) finds that the “universe” is an “ever-shifting
phantasmagoria of thought,” or, he adds, suddenly shifting to a less
idealistic and more realistic standpoint, “shadows on the screen.”
That is a literary artist’s metaphysical way of describing the matter
and could not occur to any one who was not familiar with the magic
lantern which has now developed into the cinema, beloved of
philosophers for its symbolic significance. Mr. Bertrand Russell, a
more abstract artist, who would reject any such “imaginative
admixture” as he would find in Frazer’s view, once severely refused to
recognise any such thing as a “universe,” but has since less austerely
admitted that there is, after all, a “set of appearances,” which may
fairly be labelled “reality,” so long as we do not assume “a
mysterious Thing-in-Itself behind the appearances.” (_Nation_, 6th
January, 1923.) But there are always some people who think that an
“appearance” must be an appearance of _Something_, and that when a
“shadow” is cast on the screen of our sensory apparatus it must be
cast by _Something_. So every one defines the “universe” in his own
way, and no two people—not even the same person long—can define it in
the same way. We have to recognise that even the humblest of us is
entitled to his own “universe.”
Footnote 83:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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