Vaihinger, Hans, his _Philosophie des Als Ob_, 86; English influence upon, 86, 87; allied to English spirit, 87, 88; his origin, 88; his training, and vocation, 88-93; influence of Schiller on, 89; philosophers who influenced, 89, 90; his pessimisms, irrationalism, and voluntarism, 90; his view of military power of Germany, 90, 91; his devouring appetite for knowledge, 92; reads F. A. Lange’s _History of Materialism_, 92, 93; writes his book at about twenty-five years of age, 93; his book published, 94; the problem he set out to prove, 94; his doctrine of fiction, 94-102; his doctrine not immune from criticism, 102; the fortifying influence of his philosophy, 102, 103; influenced Adler, 337. Valencia, cathedral of, dancing in, 44. Valerius, Maximus, 353 _n._ Van Gogh, mysticism in pictures of, 237. Varnhagen, Rahel, 66. Verbal counters, 149, 150. Verlaine, Paul, the significance of words to, 168. Vesalius, 120. Vasari, Giorgio, his account of Leonardo da Vinci, 115, 123. Vestris, Gaetan, and the ballet, 57. Vinci, Leonardo da, man of science, 113, 125; as a painter, 113, 114, 117, 118; his one aim, the knowledge and mastery of Nature, 114, 117, 125; an Overman, 115; science and art joined in, 115-17; as the founder of professional engineering, 118, 119; the extent of his studies and inventions, 119, 120; a supreme master of language, 121; his appearance, 121; his parentage, 121; his youthful accomplishments, 122; his sexual temperament, 122, 123; the man, woman, and child in, 123, 124; a figure for awe rather than love, 124. Vinci, Ser Piero da, father of Leonardo da Vinci, 121. Virtue, and beauty, among the Greeks, 247; the art of living well, 252; in Shaftesbury’s system, 265, 266; beauty of, 270 _n._ Virtues, ethical and intellectual, 330. Visconti, Galeazzo, spectacular pageants at marriage of, 57. Vocabulary, each writer creates his own, 164, 165. Voltaire, F. M. A. de, recognised Shaftesbury, 268; on the foundations of society, 289. Wagner, Richard, on Beethoven’s Seventh Symphony, 62, 63. Wallas, Professor Graham, on Plato and Dante, 73. War, and dancing, allied, 63, 64. Wealth, as test of civilisation, 296, 297. Weight, its nature, 230. Weismann, and the study of heredity, 127. Wells, H. G., his description of Napoleon, 8-10, 12. Whitman, Walt, his _Leaves of Grass_, 172; words attributed to him on what is right, 254. Woman, the question, what she is like, 106. Words, have a rich content of their own, 166; the intoxication of, 167-69; their arrangement chiefly studied by young writer, 172. Wordsworth, William, 184; influence of Shaftesbury on, 266. Work, a kind of dance, 61, 62. World, becoming impalpable and visionary, 337, 338. _See_ Universe.