World War, 1914-1918 -- Campaigns -- Turkey -- Gallipoli Peninsula
As a result of the Greek elections in June, when his supporters were
returned to power by a two-thirds majority, Venizelos had resumed the
Premiership in the middle of August. Clearly perceiving the enemy’s
intention of overwhelming the relics of the Serbian forces by armies
converging from the north and east, he imagined that Greece was bound
by honour and treaty to hasten to her ally’s protection. Greece could
nominally mobilise eighteen Divisions, but their fighting strength
was probably not over 200,000, for the most part ill-equipped,
ill-instructed, and averse from war. Of the Serbian army probably
little over 100,000 organised and disciplined troops was left after the
struggles of a year. The German-Austrian invaders were estimated at
200,000; the Bulgarians at 300,000, or perhaps not more than 250,000,
since the Roumanian frontier needed watching. Attacked on two fronts,
Serbia’s strategic position, in any case perilous, became desperate
with such inferior numbers. In his zeal for the Serbian alliance, which
he recognised as the ultimate defence of Greece herself, Venizelos
called upon the Entente to furnish 150,000 men (September 21), and two
days later induced King Constantine to mobilise.
On September 28 Sir Edward Grey spoke in the House of Commons, the most
significant part of his speech being the sentence:
“If the Bulgarian mobilisation were to result in Bulgaria assuming an
aggressive attitude on the side of our enemies, we are prepared to
give to our friends in the Balkans all the support in our power in
the manner that would be most welcome to them, in concert with our
Allies, without reserve and without qualification.”[218]
[Sidenote: BRITISH & FRENCH DIVISIONS FOR SALONIKA]
Our friends in the Balkans can only have been Serbia and Greece. The
support most welcome to them was men, but arms, money, and equipment
were welcome. To provide the men, Lord Kitchener asked Sir Ian if he
could spare two British Divisions and one French for Salonika. Sir Ian
replied by offering the 53rd (Welsh) and the 10th (Irish) Divisions.
The French offered their 2nd Division on the Peninsula (156), and
the veteran General Bailloud, anxious for fresh fields of youthful
ambition, claimed command.
The 10th Division--perhaps the pick of the New Army troops on the
Peninsula--being ordered to sail at once, embarked on September 30,
and, though passing by way of Mudros, was able to land its first
detachments at Salonika on October 5, finding two French Divisions
already there.[219] General Bailloud’s Division, leaving on October
3, began to reach the rendezvous on the same day. There the whole
force soon came under the command of General Sarrail, who arrived on
October 12, and it was shortly afterwards augmented by other French and
British Divisions, two of which were believed to have left England as
reinforcements for Sir Ian, but to have been diverted to the new scene
of action upon their way.[220]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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