[Illustration: MAP SHOWING BRITISH & FRENCH TRENCHES. GALLIPOLI PENINSULA. _SOUTHERN ZONE. 7TH. JULY 1915_] [Illustration: POSITIONS AT ANZAC (END OF AUGUST)] [Illustration: POSITIONS AT SUVLA (END OF AUGUST)] FOOTNOTES [1] Dardanelles Commission; First Report, par. 46. [2] Speech in Foreign Office Debate, July 10, 1914. The whole question of Germany’s relations to Turkey is discussed with his usual knowledge by Mr. H. N. Brailsford in _A League of Nations_, chap. v. [3] Sir Edward Grey, in the House of Commons, October 14, 1915; Foreign Office Statement, November 1, 1914. On the authority of the Kaiser, in conversation with M. Theotokis, Greek Minister in Berlin, it now appears that Germany had already concluded an alliance with Turkey on August 4, 1914. (See Greek White Book, published August 24, 1917.) [4] See _Turkey, Greece, and the Great Powers_, by G. F. Abbott (1917), pp. 167–200. [5] Changing their religion with their sky, the _Goeben_ and _Breslau_ became the _Jawuz Sultan Selim_ and the _Midilli_ in the Turkish Navy. See _Two War Years in Constantinople_, by Dr. Harry Stürmer, p. 113. In an action at the entrance to the Dardanelles, January 20, 1918, the _Breslau_ was sunk, and the _Goeben_ had to be beached at Nagara Point. We lost the monitor _Lord Raglan_. [6] Dardanelles Commission; First Report, par. 45 (omitted in first publication, but inserted shortly afterwards). [7] The subject was fully discussed with the present writer by M. Skouloudis, at that time Premier in Athens (November 9, 1915). That veteran statesman was apparently honest in his belief both in the King’s military genius and in the King’s good faith towards the Allies--a belief unfounded in both cases. [8] Dardanelles Commission; First Report, pars. 47, 48. [9] Dardanelles Commission; First Report, pars. 50–52. [10] Speech in the House of Commons upon the Dardanelles Commission’s First Report, March 20, 1917 (Hansard, 1743). [11] Dardanelles Commission; First Report, par. 9. [12] Speech in the House of Commons, March 20, 1917 (Hansard, 1746). [13] _Ibid._ [14] Mr. Asquith, Speech in the House of Commons, March 20, 1917. Cf. Sir James Wolfe Murray: “Lord Kitchener acted very much as his own Chief of the Staff.” Dardanelles Commission; First Report, par. 18.