At last, in the spring of 540, Narses had been recalled, and Belisarius
had full possession of all Picenum and Etruria, and could safely advance
on Ravenna. After posting a covering force to ward off any attempt to
relieve the town by the Goths of northern Italy, he drew his main army
round the great fortress in the marshland, the chosen home of Theodoric,
the storehouse of the hoarded wealth of the Amals. The defence was weak,
far weaker than that of the smaller stronghold of Auximum. Witiges
seemed to have the power of communicating his sloth and hesitation to
all who came near him. He listened first to offers from Theudebert the
Frank, then to proposals for surrender sent in by Belisarius. At last he
determined to close with the terms offered by Justinian, that he should
resign all Italy south of the Po, give up half the royal hoard, and
reign in the Transpadane as the emperor’s vassal. The terms were not
hard, for Justinian had just been attacked by Persia, and wished to end
his Italian war at once. It would have been well for all parties if they
had been carried out; but two wills intervened: the Gothic nobles were
wildly indignant at their master’s cowardice: Belisarius, looking at his
military advantages, thought the terms too liberal. [Sidenote: Witiges
surrenders Ravenna, 540.] From this discontent came an extraordinary
result: the Teutonic chiefs boldly proposed to the imperial general that
he should reign over them,—whether as king of the Goths or Roman Caesar
they cared not,—but their swords should be his, and the craven Witiges
should be cast away, if he would take them as his vassals and administer
Italy. Belisarius temporised, and the simple Goths, believing that no
man could resist such an offer, threw open the gates. But the great
general was loyal to the core: instead of proclaiming himself emperor,
he took over the town in Justinian’s name, bade the Gothic warriors
disperse each to his own home, and shipped all the golden stores of
Ravenna off to Constantinople.
It seemed as if the monarchy of the Goths was ended: nothing remained to
them save Pavia, Verona, and a few more north Italian cities. Justinian
resolved to recall Belisarius before these places should fall; meaner
generals would suffice to take them. Two motives stirred the emperor:
his great captain was wanted on the eastern frontier to keep back the
advancing Persian; but suspicion also played its part: Justinian was not
too well pleased that Belisarius had overruled his project of making
peace with Witiges, and he had been somewhat frightened by the Gothic
proposal to make Belisarius emperor. It had been declined, it is true,
but might not the seeds of disloyalty have sunk into the heart of the
general? It would be safer to bring him away from the temptation.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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