IV. The south star temples to Phact at the summer solstice, and α Centauri at the autumnal equinox, begin about 3700 B.C. V. γ Draconis replaces α Ursæ Majoris at Denderah; north-star temples are for the first time erected in the south at Karnak and Dakkeh in 3500 B.C. VI. For the first time about 3200 B.C., north-and south-star temples are built simultaneously. VII. After this the building activity is chiefly limited to temples to southern stars. If we take Brugsch's dates, we find that the foundations of the greatest number of temples were laid about the time of Seneferu, Pepi, and the twelfth dynasty. The more modern kings founded few temples--their functions were those of expanding, restoring, and _annexing_. Even Thothmes III. seems to have laid no new foundations except perhaps that of the Ptah temple at Karnak, and that is doubtful. The wonderful Hall of Columns called Khu-mennu (Splendid Memorial), in the temple of Amen-Rā, was dedicated by Thothmes III. not only to Amen-Rā, but to his ancestors. It is important to see who these were in the present connection. I give them with approximate dates.[128] Brugsch. Mariette. B.C. B.C. Seneferu, fourth dynasty 3766 4235 Assa, fifth dynasty 3366 3951 Pepi, sixth dynasty 3233 3703 The Antefs, eleventh dynasty 2500 3064 The most famous sovereigns of the twelfth dynasty 2433-2300 2851 Thirty princes of the thirteenth dynasty 2233 (?) [Illustration: PLAN OF THE PYRAMIDS AT NURI.] It is interesting to note that in this list the builders of the great pyramids at Gîzeh, and all the kings who in the last chapter were suggested as being given to equinoctial worship, are passed over without notice. It would appear, then, that the ancestors named were of southern origin, precursors of Thothmes in cult as well as in time. Of these ancestors, the first--if Brugsch's dates can be taken, which, I think, is doubtful--limited himself to southern temples; the majority of temples built near Pepi's time were oriented to the south. The twelfth dynasty was more catholic.