"Since it is not inconceivable that in the delineation of the first signs of the zodiac a name was attached to a constellation of the ecliptic emerging from behind the sun, and apparently more or less connected, the name being such as to indicate symbolically the beginning of the spring then occurring, the time, about 1400 B.C., might also be that of the introduction of the Bull (and the Scorpion). But it is, of course, not necessary that this should have occurred at one of the three epochs mentioned; this is, indeed, highly improbable, and the process must be regarded as follows: When the idea was conceived of indicating symbolically the beginning of spring in the sky--whether the idea originated in the brains of the masses or in that of a learned scholar, whether it had a mythological or a more scientific basis--a name was given in the first instance to the region in which the sun was at the beginning of spring, or to that west of it, the name denoting symbolically the beginning of spring. This, of course, does not exclude the possibility that more eastward portions of the ecliptic, whose stars were less prominent, were included in this name. From this we may conclude that Taurus did not originate later than-3000, for at that time Aldebaran, its principal star, stood east of the sun at the beginning of spring. Hence it would follow that our creation legends are, at least in part, just as old."[180] It may, then, be gathered from the above that the constellations of the Bull and the Scorpion were recognised as such at the same early date both in Babylonia and Egypt; and to these we may add the Tortoise (our present Cancer) and some of the southern constellations. Further, that the date of their establishment was certainly not later than, say, 4000 B.C., and probably much earlier. With regard to the complete ecliptic, the information seems meagre both from Babylonia and from Egypt in early times. I have already referred to the Egyptian decans, that is, the lists of stars rising at intervals of ten days. The lists will be found in Lepsius and in Brugsch's "Astronomische und Astrologische Inschriften," but the stars have not been made out. In later times in Babylonia--say 1000 B.C.--the following list represents the results of Jensen's investigations:-- (1) Perhaps Aries (= "leading sheep"). (2) A "Bull (of the Heavens)" = Aldebaran or (and) = our Taurus. (3) Gemini. (4)? (5) Perhaps Leo. (6) The constellation of the "Corn in Ears" = the Ear of Corn. [Spica.] (7) Probably Libra, whose stars are, however, at least in general, called "The Claw(s)" (_i.e._, of the Scorpion). (8) The Scorpion. (9) Perhaps Sagittarius. (10) The "Goat-fish" = Caper. (11)? (12) The "Fish" with the "Fish band."