=Athens=, Parthenon at, propylæum of, 415 =Atmu=, Tmu, or Osiris, 25, 26, 295 =Axis= of temples, 169, 173 changes in, 163 =Azimuths=, 46 =Azimuth compass=, 67 B =Baal=, hieroglyph for, 361, 362 =Baalbek=, structural origin, 92, 94, 367 =Babylonia=, ancient cities in, modern sites of, 86 Anu and Bīl, 365 kings of, 369 state of astronomy 300 B.C., 3 temple structures in, 367 unit of time in, 227 ziggurats, 367 =Bast=, symbolised star γ Draconis, 290 =Bear=, Great, represented by Thigh, 137, 146, 216 Little, represented by Jackal, 137, 146 =Bel=, temple of, 380 =Berenice=, road between Edfû and, 208 =Bêrôssus=, 381 =Bes=, 28, 368 =Bīl=, 363, 372, 377 =Bilfinger=, star tables, 409 =Biot=, ancient star places, calculation of, 129 Denderah, inscriptions, 139, 193 observing conditions in Egypt, 122 precessional globe of, 170 Ramesseum inscriptions, date of, 143 risings, heliacal, of Sirius, 200, 210, 249, 253, 254, 262 =Boeckh=, date of King Mena, 22 =Botta=, 87 =Bouriant=, 183, 220 =Boussard=, 111 =Brugsch=, Amen-Rā's ancestors, 355 book on calendars, 282 Denderah inscriptions, 141 date of Mena, 22 Rameses III., 221 Thothmes III, 189, 261 Usertsen I., 215 Edfû, temple at, alignment of, 179 Egyptian history, 344 furniture of sanctuaries, 112 Gîzeh-pyramids, 363 Hippopotamus, constellation, 216 Hyksos period, 339 inscription at Philæ, 261 Silsilis, 263 Karnak temple, 116 location of Pun-t, 348 pyramid, oldest, date of, 369 Sothic Cycle, 259 temple-foundations, 354 =Bubastis=, antiquity of, 82, 333 Isis temple at, 329 =Budge=, Dr. Wallis, 85, 208, 240 =Bull=, constellation of, pyramid period, 360, 403, 404 =Bunsen=, 22, 148, 384 C =Cairo=, Nile flood, time of, 233, 240 =Calah=, ancient Nimrûd, 86 =Calendar=, Alexandrine reform, date of, 281 Egyptian, chief use of, 282 =Canopus=, decree of, 270 =Canopus= (α Argus), 280, 281 early observations, 312, 360 heralded autumnal equinox, 342 temples to, amplitudes of, 311 =Capella= observed at Annu, 316, 360 personified by Ptah, 318 temples to, amplitudes and dates, 312, 354 =Capricornus=, 372, 378 =Censorinus=, 267 =Centauri= α, temples to, 308, 351, 354, 360 =Chabas=, 173, 174 =Champollion=, 10, 11, 73 =Cheops.= _See_ Chufu =Chephren=, 327, 346, 369 =China=, early astronomical observations, 4 =Chnemu=, 35, 384 Rā, 25, 319, 385, 389 =Chufu=, 12, 204, 336 =Churches=, architecture, Scott on, 96 orientation of, 96 =Colossi= at Thebes, 78 =Columbæ α.= _See_ Phact =Compass=, Azimuth, 67 =Constellations=, early names for, 42, 133, 397, 399, 407 northern, called Set, 149 =Country=, double, meaning of, 345 =Cow= = Star Sirius, 218 =Crocodile=, variant of hippopotamus, 146