J. Grabar, “History of Russian Art” (Russian, 1911), I-III. Eliasberg, _Russ. Baukunst_ (1922), Introduction. Footnote 243: The disposition of Egyptian and that of Western history are so clear as to admit of comparison being carried right down into the details, and it would be well worth the expert’s while to carry out such an investigation. The Fourth Dynasty, that of the strict Pyramid style, B.C. 2930-2750 (Cheops, Chephren), corresponds to the Romanesque (980- 1100), the Fifth Dynasty (2750-2625, Sahu-rê) to the early Gothic (1100-1230), and the Sixth Dynasty, prime of the archaic portraiture (2625-2475, Phiops I and II), to the mature Gothic of 1230-1400. Footnote 244: That which differentiates the Japanese harakiri from this suicide is its intensely purposeful and (so to put it) active and demonstrative character.—_Tr._ Footnote 245: See Vol. II, p. 626. Footnote 246: Koldewey-Puchstein, _Die griech. Tempel in Unter-Italien und Sizilien_, I, p. 228. Footnote 247: See Vol. II, Chapter III. Footnote 248: See Vol. II, pp. 240 et seq. Footnote 249: _Stilfragen, Grundlage zu einer Geschichte der Ornamentik_ (1893). _Spatrömische Kunstindustrie_ (1901). Footnote 250: _Amida_ (1910). _Die bildende Kunst des Ostens_ (1916), _Altai-Iran_ (1917). _Die Baukunst der Armenier und Europa_ (1918). Footnote 251: These contradictions of detail are not greater, after all, than those between Doric, Attic and Etruscan art, and certainly less than those which existed about 1450 between Florentine Renaissance, North French, Spanish and East-German (brick) Gothic. Footnote 252: See Vol. II, pp. 304 et seq. Footnote 253: For a brief description of the components of a Mithræum, the student may be referred to the Encyclopædia Britannica, XI Edition, art. Mithras (Section II).—_Tr._ Footnote 254: The oldest Christian designs in the Empire of Axum undoubtedly agree with the pagan work of the Sabæans. Footnote 255: See Vol. II, pp. 143 et seq. Footnote 256: See Vol. II, pp. 316 et seq. Footnote 257: Kohl & Watzinger, _Antike Synagogen in Galilãa_ (1916). The Baal- shrines in Palmyra, Baalbek and many other localities are basilicas: some of them are older than Christianity and many of them were later taken over into Christian use. Footnote 258: Frauberger, _Die Akropolis von Baalbek_, plate 22. (See Ency. Brit., XI Edition, art. “Baalbek,” for plan, etc.—_Tr._) Footnote 259: Diez, _Die Kunst der islamischen Völker_, pp. 8 et seq. In old Sabæan temples the altar-court (mahdar) is in front of the oracle chapel (makanat). Footnote 260: Wulff, _Altchristliche und byzantinische Kunst_, p. 227. Footnote 261: