The decline of the West, Volume 1 : $b Form and actualitySpengler, Oswald
Philosophy
The decline of the West, Volume 1 : $b Form and actuality
Spengler, Oswald
Civilization -- History
The temple of Poseidon at Pæstum and the Minster of Ulm, works of the
ripest Doric and the ripest Gothic, differ precisely as the Euclidean
geometry of bodily bounding-surfaces differs from the analytical
geometry of the position of points in space referred to spatial axes.
All Classical building begins from the outside, all Western from the
inside. The Arabian also begins with the inside, but it stays there.
There is one and only one soul, the Faustian, that craves for a style
which drives through walls into the limitless universe of space and
makes both the exterior and the interior of the building complementary
images of one and the same world-feeling. The exterior of the basilica
and the domical building may be a _field for ornamentation_, but
_architecture_ it is not. The impression that meets the beholder as he
approaches is that of something shielding, something that hides a
secret. The form-language in the cavern-twilight exists for the faithful
only—that is the factor common to the highest examples of the style and
to the simplest Mithræa and Catacombs, the prime powerful utterance of a
new soul. Now, as soon as the Germanic spirit takes possession of the
basilical type, there begins a wondrous mutation of all structural
parts, as to both position and significance. Here in the Faustian North
the outer form of the building, be it cathedral or mere dwelling-house,
begins to be brought into relation with the meaning that governs the
arrangement of the interior, a meaning undisclosed in the mosque and
non-existent in the temple. The Faustian building has a _visage_ and not
merely a façade (whereas the front of a peripteros is, after all, only
one of four sides and the centre-domed building in principle has not
even a front) and with this visage, this head, is associated an
articulated trunk that draws itself out through the broad plain like the
cathedral at Speyer, or erects itself to the heavens like the
innumerable spires of the original design of Reims. The _motive of the
façade_, which greets the beholder and tells him the inner meaning of
the house, dominates not only individual major buildings but also the
whole aspect of our streets, squares and towns with their characteristic
wealth of windows.[276]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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