The decline of the West, Volume 2 : $b Perspectives of world-historySpengler, Oswald
History
The decline of the West, Volume 2 : $b Perspectives of world-history
Spengler, Oswald
Civilization -- History
2000, cities laid out for ten to twenty million
inhabitants, spread over enormous areas of country-side, with buildings
that will dwarf the biggest of to-day’s and notions of traffic and
communication that we should regard as fantastic to the point of
madness.[146]
Even in this final shape of his being, the Classical man’s form-ideal
remains the corporeal point. Whereas the giant cities of our present
confess our irresistible tendency towards the infinite--our suburbs
and garden cities, invading the wide country-side, our vast and
comprehensive network of roads, and within the thickly built areas
a controlled fast traffic on, below, and above straight, broad
streets--the genuine Classical world-city ever strove, not to expand,
but to thicken--the streets narrow and cramped, impossible for fast
traffic (although this was fully developed on the great Roman roads),
entire unwillingness to live in suburbs or even to make suburbs
possible.[147] Even at that stage the city must needs be a body, thick
and round, σῶμα in the strictest sense. The synœcism that in the early
Classical had gradually drawn the land-folk into the cities, and so
created the type of the Polis, repeated itself at the last in absurd
form; everyone wanted to live in the middle of the city, in its densest
nucleus, for otherwise he could not feel himself to be the urban man
that he was. All these cities are only _cités_, inner towns. The new
synœcism formed, instead of suburban zones, _the world of the upper
floors_. In the year 74 Rome, in spite of its immense population, had
the ridiculously small perimeter of nineteen and a half kilometres
[twelve miles].[148] Consequently these city-bodies extended in general
not in breadth, but more and more upward. The block-tenements of Rome
such as the famous Insula Feliculæ, rose, with a street breadth of only
three to five metres [ten to seventeen feet][149] to heights that have
never been seen in Western Europe and are seen in only a few cities
in America. Near the Capitol, the roofs already reached to the level
of the hill-saddle.[150] But always the splendid mass-cities harbour
lamentable poverty and degraded habits, and the attics and mansards,
the cellars and back courts are breeding a new type of raw man--in
Baghdad and in Babylon, just as in Tenochtitlan and to-day in London
and Berlin. Diodorus tells of a deposed Egyptian king who was reduced
to living in one of these wretched upper-floor tenements of Rome.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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