in them an already established, highly developed, and self-evident means--i.e., precisely what anything “originally” is _not_. There can be no doubt that the sign which made it possible for the future word-language to detach itself from the general vocal speech of the animal world was that which I call “name”--a vocal image serving to denote a Something in the world-around, which was felt as a being, and by the act of naming became a numen.[184] It is unnecessary to speculate as to how the first names came to be--no human speech accessible to us at this time of day gives us the least _point d’appui_ here. But, contrary to the view of modern research, I consider that the decisive turn came not from a change of the throat-formation or from a peculiarity of sound-formation or from any other physiological factor--if any such changes ever took place at all, it would be the race side that they would affect--not even an increased capacity for self-expression by existing means, like, say, the transition from word to sentence (H. Paul[185]), but _a profound spiritual change_. With the Name comes a new world-outlook. And if speech in general is the child of fear, of the unfathomable terror that wells up when the waking-consciousness is presented with the facts, that impels all creatures together in the longing to prove each other’s reality and proximity--then the first word, the Name, is a mighty leap upward. The Name grazes the _meaning_ of consciousness and the _source_ of fear alike. The world is not merely existent, a secret is felt in it. Above and apart from the more ordinary objects of expression- and communication-language, man names _that which is enigmatic_. It is the beast that knows no enigmas. Man cannot think too solemnly, reverently, of this first name-giving. It was not well always to speak the name, it should be kept secret, a dangerous power dwelt in it. _With the name the step is taken from the everyday physical of the beast to the metaphysical of man._ It was the greatest turning-point in the history of the human soul. Our epistemology is accustomed to set speech and thought side by side, and it is quite right, if we take into consideration only the languages that are still accessible at the present day. But I believe that we can go much deeper than this and say that with the Name religion in the proper sense, _definite_ religion in the midst of formless quasi-religious awe, came into being. Religion in this sense means religious _thought_. It is the new conception of the creative understanding emancipated from sensation. We say, in a very significant idiom, that we “reflect on,” “think _over_,” something. With the understanding of things-named the formation of a _higher_ world, _above_ all sensational existence, is begun--“higher” both according to obvious symbolism and in reference to the position of the head which man guesses (often with painful distinctness) to be the home of his thoughts.