With Paul, urban man and his “intelligence” come on the scene. The others, though they might know Jerusalem or Antioch, never grasped the essence of these cities. They lived soil-bound, rural, wholly soul and feeling. But now there appeared a spirit that had grown up in the great cities of Classical cast, that could only live in cities, that neither understood nor respected the peasant’s countryside. An understanding was possible with Philo, but with Peter never. Paul was the first by whom the Resurrection-experience was _seen as a problem_; the ecstatic awe of the young countryman changed in his brain into a conflict of spiritual principles. For what a contrast!--the struggle of Gethsemane, and the hour of Damascus: Child and Man, soul-anguish and intellectual decision, self-devotion to death and resolve to change sides! Paul had begun by seeing in the new Jewish sect a danger to the Pharisaism of Jerusalem; now, suddenly, he comprehended that the Nazarenes “were right”--a phrase that is inconceivable on the lips of Jesus--and took up their cause against Judaism, thereby setting up as an _intellectual quantity_ that which had previously consisted in the knowledge of an experience. An intellectual quantity--but in making his cause into this he unwittingly drove it close to the other intellectual powers, _the cities of the West_. In the ambiance of pure Apocalyptic there is no “intellect.” For the old comrades it was simply not possible to understand him in the least--and mournfully and doubtfully they must have looked at him while he was addressing them. Their living image of Jesus (whom Paul had never seen) paled in this bright, hard light of concepts and propositions. Thenceforward the holy memory faded into a Scholastic system. But Paul had a perfectly exact feeling for the true home of his ideas. His missionary journeys were all directed westward, and the East he ignored. _He never left the domain of the Classical city._ Why did he go to Rome, to Corinth, and not to Edessa or Ctesiphon? And why was it that he worked _only in the cities, and never from village to village?_