But Bologna witnessed, besides Irnerius’s achievement in abstraction, an event of quite other and decisive import--the famous Decretum of Gratian, written about 1140.[119] This created the Western _science of spiritual law_. For by bringing the old-Catholic, Magian, church-law,[120] founded in the Early-Arabian sacrament of baptism,[121] into a system, it provided the very form that the new-Catholic, Faustian Christianity needed for the jural expression of its own being, which reached back to the prime sacrament of an altar and a consecrated priesthood. With the _Liber extra_ of 1234 the main body of the _Corpus Juris Canonici_ is complete. What the Empire had failed to accomplish--the creation, out of the immense undeveloped profusion of tribal laws, of a general Western “_Corpus Juris Germanici_”--the Papacy achieved. There came into existence a complete private law, with sanctions and processes, produced with German method out of the ecclesiastical and secular law-material of the Gothic. This is the law called “Roman” which presently, after Bartolus, was infused into all study of the texts of Justinian themselves. And it shows us, in the domain of jurisprudence as elsewhere, that great dissidence, inherent in the Faustian, which produced the gigantic conflict between the Papacy and the Empire. The destruction between _fas_ and _jus_, impossible in the Arabian world, was inevitable in the Western. They are two expressions of a will-to-power over the infinite, but the will behind “temporal” legislation is rooted in custom and lays hands on the generations of the future, while that of “spiritual” originates in mystical certainty and pronounces a timeless and eternal law.[122] This battle between equally matched opponents has never yet been ended, and it is visible even to-day in our law of marriage, with its opposition of the ecclesiastical and the civil wedding. With the dawn of the Baroque, life, having by that time assumed urban and money-economic forms, begins to demand a law like that of the Classical city-states after Solon. The purpose of the prevailing law was now perfectly clear. But it was a fateful legacy from the Gothic that the creation of “the law inborn in us” was looked upon as the privilege of a learned class, and this privilege no one succeeded in shaking.