The Deipnosophists; or, Banquet of the Learned of Athenæus, Vol. 1 (of 3)Athenaeus, of Naucratis
General
The Deipnosophists; or, Banquet of the Learned of Athenæus, Vol. 1 (of 3)
Athenaeus, of Naucratis
Civilization, Greco-Roman; Dinners and dining -- Greece; Greece -- Social life and customs; Homosexuality -- Greece
21. "But Cleomenes was a man of eminent wisdom in his discernment of
matters, (although he was but a young man,) and also was exceedingly
simple in his manner of life. For he, being king, and having such
important affairs intrusted to his management, displayed such behaviour
to any who were invited to any sacrifice, as to make them see that what
they had daily prepared at home for themselves was in no respect
inferior to what he allowed himself. And when many embassies were sent
to him he never made a banquet for the ambassadors at an earlier hour
than the regular time; and there never was anything more laid than a
common pentaclinum; and when there was no embassy, what was laid was a
triclinium. And there were no orders issued by the regulator of the
feasts, as to who should come in or who should sit down first: but the
eldest led the way to the couch, unless he himself invited any one else
to do so; and he was generally seen supping with his brother or with
some of his friends of his own age. And there was placed on a tripod a
brazen wine-cooler, and a cask, and a small silver cup holding two
cotylæ,[230:1] and a cyathus;[230:2] and the spoon was made of brass.
And wine was not brought round to drink unless any one asked for it; but
one cyathus was given to each guest before supper: and generally it was
given to himself first; and then, when he had thus given the signal, the
rest also asked for some wine. But what was served up was placed on a
very common-looking table; and the dishes were such that there was
neither anything left, nor anything deficient, but just a sufficient
quantity for every one; so that those who were present should not feel
the want of anything. For he did not think it right to receive guests as
sparingly, in respect of soup and meat, as men are treated at the
phiditia; nor again, to have so much superfluity as to waste money for
no purpose, exceeding all moderation and reason in the feast; for the
one extreme he counted illiberal, and the other arrogant. And the wine
was of rather a better quality when he had any company. But while they
were eating they all kept silence; but a slave stood by, holding in his
hand a vessel of mixed wine, and poured out for every one who asked for
it. And in the same manner, after supper there was given to each guest
not more than two cyathi of wine, and this too was brought to each
person as he made a sign for it. And there was no music of any kind
accompanying the meal, but Cleomenes himself conversed all the time with
each individual, having invited them, as it were, for the purpose of
listening and talking; so that all departed charmed with his hospitality
and affability."
But Antiphanes, ridiculing the Lacedæmonian banquets, in the style of
the comic poets, in his drama which is entitled Archon, speaks as
follows:--
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