The Deipnosophists; or, Banquet of the Learned of Athenæus, Vol. 2 (of 3)Athenaeus, of Naucratis
Philosophy
The Deipnosophists; or, Banquet of the Learned of Athenæus, Vol. 2 (of 3)
Athenaeus, of Naucratis
Civilization, Greco-Roman; Dinners and dining -- Greece; Greece -- Social life and customs; Homosexuality -- Greece
For many causes do I think our life,
The life of those who drink, a happy one;
And happier far than yours, whose wisdom all
Lies in a stern and solemn-looking brow.
For that slow prudence which is always busy
In settling small affairs, which with minuteness,
And vain solicitude, keeps hunting trifles,
Fears boldly to advance in things of weight;
But our mind, not too fond of scrutinising
Th' exact result of every trifling measure,
Is ever for prompt deeds of spirit ready.
69. And when Ulpian was about to add something to this Æmilianus
said,—It is time for us, my friends, to inquire in some degree about
γρῖφοι, that we may leave our cups for a little while, not indeed in
the spirit of that work which is entitled the Grammatical Tragedy of
Callias the Athenian: but let us first inquire what is the definition
of what we call a γρῖφος . . . . And we may omit what Cleobulina of
Lindus has proposed in her Epigrams; for our companion, Diotimus of
Olympia, has discussed that point sufficiently; but we must consider
how the comic poets have mentioned it, and what punishment those who
have failed to solve it have undergone. And Laurentius said,—Clearchus
the Solensian defines the word thus: "Γρῖφος," says he, "is a sportive
problem, in which we are bidden to seek out, by the exertion of our
intellect and powers of investigation, what is proposed to us, which
has been uttered for the sake of some honour or some penalty." And in
his discussion on these griphi, the same Clearchus asserts that "there
are seven kinds of griphi. In the letter, when we say that there is
a certain name of a fish or plant, beginning with α. And similarly,
when he who proposes the griphus desires us to mention some name in
which some particular letter is or is not. Such are those which are
called sigma-less griphi; on which account Pindar has composed an ode
on the ς, as if some griphus had been proposed to him as a subject for
a lyric poem. Then griphi are said to be in the syllable, when we are
desired to recite some verse which begins with the syllable βα, as with
βασιλεὺς, for instance, or which ends with ναξ, as Καλλιάναξ, or some
in which the syllables Λεων take the lead, as Λεωνίδης, or on the other
hand close the sentence, as Θρασυλέων. They are in the name, when we
utter simple or compound names of two syllables, by which some tragic
figure, or on the other hand some humble one, is indicated; or some
names which have no connexion with anything divine, as Κλεώνυμος, or
which have some such connexion, as Διονύσιος: and this, too, whether
the connexion be with one God or with more, as ῾Eρμαφρόδιτος; or
whether the name begins with Jupiter, as Διοκλῆς, or with Mercury, as
Ὲρμόδωρος; or whether it ends, as it perhaps may, with νῖκος. And then
they who were desired to say such and such things, and could not, had
to drain the cup." And Clearchus defined the word in this way. And now
you, my good friend Ulpian, may inquire what the cup to be drained is.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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