The Deipnosophists; or, Banquet of the Learned of Athenæus, Vol. 3 (of 3)Athenaeus, of Naucratis
Philosophy
The Deipnosophists; or, Banquet of the Learned of Athenæus, Vol. 3 (of 3)
Athenaeus, of Naucratis
Civilization, Greco-Roman; Dinners and dining -- Greece; Greece -- Social life and customs; Homosexuality -- Greece
And in the same play he mentions mixing a cup in honour of the Good
Deity, as do nearly all the poets of the old comedy; but Nicostratus
speaks thus—
Fill a cup quickly now to the Good Deity,
And take away this table from before me;
For I have eaten quite enough;—I pledge
This cup to the Good Deity;—here, quick, I say,
And take away this table from before me.
Xenarchus, too, in his Twins, says—
And now when I begin to nod my head,
The cup to the Good Deity * *
* * * *
That cup, when I had drain'd it, near upset me;
And then the next libation duly quaff'd
To Jove the Saviour, wholly wreck'd my boat,
And overwhelm'd me as you see.
And Eriphus, in his Melibœa, says—
Before he'd drunk a cup to the Good Deity,
Or to great Jove the Saviour.
48. And Theophrastus, in his essay on Drunkenness, says—"The unmixed
wine which is given at a banquet, which they call the pledge-cup
in honour of the Good Deity, they offer in small quantities, as if
reminding the guests of its strength, and of the liberality of the
god, by the mere taste. And they hand it round when men are already
full, in order that there may be as little as possible drunk out of
it. And having paid adoration three times, they take it from the
table, as if they were entreating of the gods that nothing may be done
unbecomingly, and that they may not indulge in immoderate desires for
this kind of drink, and that they may derive only what is honourable
and useful from it." And Philochorus, in the second book of his Atthis,
says—"And a law was made at that time, that after the solid food is
removed, a taste of the unmixed wine should be served round as a sort
of sample of the power of the Good Deity, but that all the rest of the
wine should be previously mixed; on which account the Nymphs had the
name given them of Nurses of Bacchus." And that when the pledge-cup to
the Good Deity was handed round, it was customary to remove the tables,
is made plain by the wicked action of Dionysius the tyrant of Sicily.
For there was a table of gold placed before the statue of Æsculapius
at Syracuse; and so Dionysius, standing before it, and chinking a
pledge-cup to the Good Deity, ordered the table to be removed.
But among the Greeks, those who sacrifice to the Sun, as Phylarchus
tells us in the twelfth book of his History, make their libations of
honey, as they never bring wine to the altars of the gods; saying that
it is proper that the god who keeps the whole universe in order, and
regulates everything, and is always going round and superintending the
whole, should in no respect be connected with drunkenness.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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