[5] ‘The Field,’ June 29th, 1867. For Mr. Shaw’s statement, see ‘Edinburgh Review,’ 1843. Another experienced observer (Scrope’s ‘Days of Salmon Fishing,’ p. 60) remarks that the male would, if he could, keep, like the stag, all other males away. [6] Yarrell, ‘History of British Fishes,’ vol. ii. 1836, p. 10. [7] ‘The Naturalist in Vancouver’s Island,’ vol. i. 1866, p. 54. [8] ‘Scandinavian Adventures,’ vol. i. 1854, p. 100, 104. [9] See Yarrell’s account of the Rays in his ‘Hist. of British Fishes,’ vol. ii. 1836, p. 416, with an excellent figure, and p. 422, 432. [10] As quoted in ‘The Farmer,’ 1868, p. 369. [11] I have drawn up this description from Yarrell’s ‘British Fishes,’ vol. i. 1836, p. 261 and 266. [12] ‘Catalogue of Acanth. Fishes in the British Museum,’ by Dr. Günther, 1861, p. 138-151. [13] ‘Game Birds of Sweden,’ &c., 1867, p. 466. [14] With respect to this and the following species I am indebted to Dr. Günther for information: see also his paper on the Fishes of Central America, in ‘Transact. Zoolog. Soc.’ vol. vi. 1868, p. 485. [15] Dr. Günther makes this remark; ‘Catalogue of Fishes in the British Museum,’ vol. iii. 1861, p. 141. [16] See Dr. Günther on this genus, in ‘Proc. Zoolog. Soc.’ 1868, p. 232. [17] F. Buckland, in ‘Land and Water,’ July, 1868, p. 377, with a figure. [18] Dr. Günther, ‘Catalogue of Fishes,’ vol. iii. p. 221 and 240. [19] See also ‘A Journey in Brazil,’ by Prof. and Mrs. Agassiz, 1868, p. 220. [20] Yarrell, ‘British Fishes,’ vol. ii. 1836, p. 10, 12, 35. [21] W. Thompson, in ‘Annals and Mag. of Nat. History,’ vol. vi. 1841, p. 440. [22] ‘The American Agriculturist,’ 1868, p. 100. [23] ‘Annals and Mag. of Nat. Hist.’ Oct. 1852. [24] Loudon’s ‘Mag. of Nat. Hist.’ vol. v. 1832, p. 681. [25] Bory de Saint Vincent, in ‘Dict. Class. d’Hist. Nat.’ tom. ix. 1826, p. 151. [26] Owing to some remarks on this subject, made in my work ‘On the Variation of Animals under Domestication,’ Mr. W. F. Mayers (‘Chinese Notes and Queries,’ Aug. 1868, p. 123) has searched the ancient Chinese encyclopedias. He finds that goldfish were first reared in confinement during the Sung Dynasty, which commenced A.D. 960. In the year 1129 these fishes abounded. In another place it is said that since the year 1548 there has been “produced at Hang-chow a variety called the fire-fish, from its intensely red colour. It is universally admired, and there is not a household where it is not cultivated, _in rivalry as to its colour_, and as a source of profit.” [27] ‘Westminster Review,’ July, 1867, p. 7. [28] “Indian Cyprinidæ,” by Mr. J. M’Clelland, ‘Asiatic Researches,’ vol. xix. part ii. 1839, p. 230. [29] ‘Proc. Zoolog. Soc.’ 1865, p. 327, pl. xiv. and xv. [30] Yarrell, ‘British Fishes,’ vol. ii. p. 11.