The innermost circle represents the Earth’s orbit, divided into 12 parts, answering to her monthly motion; the greatest circle is in the orbit of _Jupiter_, which he describes in about 12 years; and therefore the ¹/₁₂ thereof, from A to N, defines his motion, in one of our years nearly; and the intermediate divisions, A, B, C, _&c._ his monthly motion. Let us suppose the Earth to be in the point of her orbit 12, and _Jupiter_ in A, in his conjunction with the Sun; it is evident that from the Earth _Jupiter_ will be seen in the great orb, or in the point of the Heavens A, and while the Earth is moving from 12 to 1, 2, _&c._ ♃ also moves from A to B, _&c._ all which time he appears in the Heavens to move with a direct motion from A to B, C, _&c._, until he comes in opposition to the Earth near the point of the Heavens E, where he appears to be stationary; after which ♃ again begins to move (tho’ at first with a slow pace) from E through F, H, I to K, where again he appears to stand still, but afterwards he reassumes his direct motion from I thro’ K, to M, _&c._ From the construction of the preceding figure it appears, that when the superior Planets are in conjunction with the Sun, their direct motion is much quicker than at other times; and that because they really move from West to East, while the Earth in the opposite part of the Heavens is carried the same way, and round the same center. This motion afterwards continually slackens until the Planet comes almost in opposition to the Sun, when the line joining the Earth and Planet, will continue for some time nearly parallel to itself, and so the Planet seems from the Earth to stand still; after which, it begins to move with a slow motion backward, until it comes into a quartile aspect with the Sun, when again it will appear to be stationary, for the above reasons; after that it will resume its direct motion, until it comes into a conjunction with the Sun, then it will proceed as above explained. Hence it also appears, that the retrogradations of the superior Planets are much slower than their direct motions, and their continuance much shorter; for the Planet, from its last quarter, until it comes in opposition to the Sun, appears to move the same way with the Earth, by whom it is then overtaken: After which it begins to go backwards, but with a slow motion, because the Earth being in the same part of the Heavens, and moving the same way that the Planet really does, the apparent motion of the Planet backwards, must thereby be lessened. What has been here said concerning the motions of _Jupiter_, is also to be understood of _Mars_ and _Saturn_. But the retrogradations of _Saturn_ do oftener happen than those of _Jupiter_, because the Earth oftener overtakes _Saturn_; and for the same reason, the regressions of _Jupiter_ do oftener happen than those of _Mars_. But the retrogradations of _Mars_ are much greater than those of _Jupiter_, whose are also much greater than those of _Saturn_.