===+======================+====================+=================== | | PYROTHERIUM | PALAEOMASTODON ---+----------------------+--------------------+------------------- 1 | Upper tush | Inc. 1 enlarged |Inc. 1 enlarged | | | in Moeritherium. | | Inc. 2 tush | Inc. 2 tush ---+----------------------+--------------------+------------------- 2 | Upper molars | Bilophodont |Bilophodont in | | | Mastodon and | | | Dinotherium ---+----------------------+--------------------+------------------- 3 | Lower tush | Inc. 2 (?) | Inc. 2 ---+----------------------+--------------------+------------------- 4 | Lower molars | Bilophodont |Bilophodont in | | | Mastodon and | | | Dinotherium ---+----------------------+--------------------+------------------- 5 | Nasal opening | Over molar 1 | Over molar 1 ---+----------------------+--------------------+------------------- 6 | Basicranial axis |Plane of base of |Plane of base of | | cranium bent up, | cranium bent up, | | makes 140° with | makes 155° with | | plane of palate | plane of palate ---+----------------------+--------------------+------------------- 7 | Pterygoids |Pterygoids plus |Pterygoids plus | | alisphenoids | alisphenoids | | make great vertical| make great vertical | | plates | plates ---+----------------------+--------------------+------------------- 8 | Jugal |Takes small part |Takes small part | | on glenoid fossa | on glenoid fossa ---+----------------------+--------------------+------------------- 9 | Post-tympanic process|Surrounds meatus, |Surrounds meatus | of squamosum | and crowds out | and crowds out | | tympanic | tympanic ---+----------------------+--------------------+------------------- 10 | Tympanic bulla |Small, inflated, |Small, inflated, | | hollow | hollow ---+----------------------+--------------------+------------------- 11 | Palatine bones |Narrow in front, |Narrow in front, | | expanding behind | expanding behind ---+----------------------+--------------------+------------------- 12 | Premaxilla |Crowded out from |Crowded out from