In indicating the most curious indigenous plants of New Holland, we shall more particularly confine ourselves to those of Victoria, one of the best known districts, and perhaps also one of the most extensive, most diversified, and most picturesque. The plains are, in general, sufficiently grassy and fertile, especially in those parts which border on the brooks and rivers. The plants most extensively distributed belong to the Gramineæ and Cyperaceæ; we find, among the former, the _Pennisetum fasciculare_, a great number of Poaceæ, and the _Arundo conspicua_; in foliage and general appearance the latter presents some striking analogies with the Pampas Grass; among the Poaceæ predominates the _Cyperus vaginatus_, a common object on the banks of the river Murray in those parts which are subject to frequent inundations. A strong tenacious netting is made from the fibres of its leaves. To these herbs we have to add some flowering plants, such as the star-like _Lobelias_; numerous species of mint (as _Mentha Australis_, _M. satureioides_, _M. grandiflora_, and _M. gracilis_), from which an essential oil is extracted for use in the manufacture of perfumes; the _Sida pulchella_ and _Lavatera plebeia_, of which stout fibre or solid thread is made, the fibres of Australian flax (_Linum marginale_) being adapted to the same purpose. The _Restias_, a curious rush-like order of endogens, also inhabit these moist places: as do the Kingias, very common grasses; the _Astelia Banksii_, a species of Liliaceæ, with grass-formed leaves and a strong tenacious stem; and the _Xerotes longifolia_. The Nardoo (_Narsilia macropus_, or, as it is sometimes called, _N. salvatrix_), whose spores and spore-cases are pounded by the native Australians and made into bread or porridge, is a kind of cryptogamous plant, with leaves formed of four folioles, like those of a truffle. It abounds in the low grounds and inundated districts, especially on the banks of the Murray. Finally, the Stag-horn (_Acrostichon grande_), a gigantic mushroom, clings to the branches of the great trees.