The Development of the Feeling for Nature in the Middle Ages and Modern TimesBiese, Alfred
History
The Development of the Feeling for Nature in the Middle Ages and Modern Times
Biese, Alfred
Nature; Nature in literature
His language is barely intelligible, but there is a pleasant breadth
about his drawing--for example, of the king's meadow and the grotto
in _Aramena_:
Very cold crystal streams flowed through the fields and ran
softly over the stony ground, making a pleasant murmur. Whilst
the ear was thus contented, a distant landscape delighted the
eye. No more delightful place, possessing all this at once, could
have been found, etc.
Looking through the numerous air-holes, the eye lost itself in a
deep valley, surrounded by nothing but mountains, where the
shepherds tended their flocks, and one heard their flutes
multiplied by the echo in the most delightful way.
Mawkish shepherd play is mixed here with such verses as (Rahel):
Thou, Chabras, thou art the dear stream, where Jacob's mouth gave
me the first kiss. Thou, clear brook, often bearest away the
passionate words of my son of Isaac ... on many a bit of wounded
bark, the writing of my wounds is to be found.
The most insipid pastoral nonsense of the time was produced by the
Nuremberg poets, the Pegnitz shepherds Klaj and Harsdörfer. Their
strength lay in imitating the sounds of Nature, and they were much
admired. What is still more astonishing, Lohenstein's writings were
the model for thirty years, and it was the fashion for any one who
wrote more simply to apologize for being unable to reach the level of
so great a master! To us the bombast, artificiality, and hidden
sensuality of his poetry and Hoffmannswaldan's, are equally
repulsive.
What dreary, manufactured stuff this is from Lohenstein's _Praise of
Roses sung by the Sun_[17]:
This is the queen of flowers and plants,
The bride of heaven, world's treasure, child of stars!
For whom love sighs, and I myself, the sun, do pant,
Because her crown is golden, and her leaves are velvet,
Her foot and stylus emerald, her brilliance shames the ruby.
Other beings possess only single beauties,
Nature has made the rose beautiful with all at once.
She is ashamed, and blushes
Because she sees all the other flowers stand ashamed before her.
In _Rose Love_ he finds the reflection of love in everything:
In whom does not Love's spirit plant his flame?
One sees the oil of love burn in the starry lamps,
That pleasant light can nothing be but love,
For which the dew from Phoebus' veil doth fall.
Heaven loves the beauteous globe of earth,
And gazes down on her by night with thousand eyes;
While earth to please the heaven
Doth clover, lilies, tulips in her green hair twine,
The elm and vine stock intertwine,
The ivy circles round the almond trees,
And weeps salt tears when they are forced apart.
And where the flowers burn with glow of Love,
It is the rose that shews the brightest flame,
For is the rose not of all flowers the queen,
The wondrous beauty child of sun and earth?
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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