Great care should be given to the washing of one’s hands prior to eating. The greatest care must be taken with rectal tubes when used for treatment. It is better to make an invariable rule to confine the use of a single tube to a single patient, as the rubber tubes are difficult to disinfect other than by boiling and such treatment, especially in the tropics, soon ruins the tube. For disinfecting tubes a 5% solution of liquor cresolis compositus is good. The tubes should be thoroughly washed of the disinfectant before using again. For disinfection of faeces one can use an equal portion of the above disinfectant to a similar amount of stool leaving the disinfectant to act on the stool at least one hour before emptying the receptacle. Soiled clothes should be disinfected in a 2½% solution of the compound cresol solution. Flies must be kept in mind and water and milk supplies boiled. The carrier is of as great importance here as in typhoid or cholera, especially when assisting in preparing food. =Vaccination.=—Vaccination against dysentery does not seem to have made much headway owing to the very severe reactions following injections of killed cultures of the Shiga bacillus. By injecting such bacilli treated with an immune serum (sensitized) the reaction is less severe. Dean reports the value of treating the emulsion of organisms with an equal amount of 1 to 1000 eusol. Gibson treated a suspension of dead organisms with an equal amount of serum, mixing in the syringe at the time of injection. Although this method was used during the war its immunizing value was not settled. The question of the best method of preparing vaccines for prophylactic use is still unsettled. The greatest difficulty has been experienced in making vaccines of the Shiga bacillus on account of the great toxicity of such preparations. The serum alone is used almost exclusively for curative rather than prophylactic purposes. =Treatment.=—In the treatment of bacillary dysentery absolute rest in bed is important to keep up the strength of the patient and also to protect the heart which tends to be more or less damaged by the toxic action of the Shiga bacillus. Some prefer to prop up the patient in bed, considering a strict dorsal decubitus as undesirable. It is important to use sufficient covering on the patient to avoid chilling. A light wool blanket spread over the abdomen is often all that is needed in the tropics. Some authorities deal with the subject of treatment without referring to any other means than the administration of serum. This probably is the proper attitude when the very fatal Shiga type infections are encountered. It must be remembered that certain epidemics, which as a rule are associated with the Shiga type bacillus, give a very high mortality (20 to 40%) while other epidemics seem associated with a less virulent strain of this bacillus.