Leaves of plants contain it in abundance, while with seeds it is present in less degree and then contained in the embryo, which latter is lost in milling. Millet contains an exceptionally large amount of fat soluble A and it is well known that in Egypt those living on millet instead of maize escape pellagra. The protein of millet has a high biological value which is the reverse with that of maize. It should be noted that besides vitamine and protein deficiencies the lack of inorganic salts should be considered. _Protein Deficiency._—Animal protein is a superior protein and maize protein an inferior one. Wilson grades proteins according to their assimilability and taking meat protein as 1 he assigns to maize protein a relative value of 3.4, which means that one must consume 3.4 times as much maize protein as that of meat to obtain the necessary protein requirements. Thirty grams of animal protein daily is sufficient to maintain nitrogenous equilibrium but Wilson considers 40 as a minimum B. P. V. (Biological protein value). We should have to consume 136 grams of maize protein to obtain a B. P. value of 40. Where hard labour is required the B. P. V. should be 50 and when associated with chronic intestinal disease it should be as high as 60. Wilson noted a B. P. V. of 23 for males in the diet which caused an outbreak of pellagra in Armenian refugees at Port Said. The diet of the pellagrous Turkish prisoners in Egypt had a B. P. V. of 33.5. It may be stated that zein, the protein of maize, is deficient in tryptophane and lysine, two important amino-acids necessary for proper nutrition. Chick apparently produced pellagra in a monkey fed on a low protein diet (Total protein 8.2 grams, of which all but 2.7 grams was from zein.). The monkey was given an abundance of accessory food substances in butter, marmite and orange juice. _Amino-acid Deficiency._—In a recent paper Goldberger and Tanner note that a low biological protein value is not necessarily indicative of a pellagra-producing diet. In a series of experiments the deficiency of vitamines did not seem to be related to pellagra production and the same was true of the mineral elements. In studying the nature of low protein biological values they were of the opinion that this rested in certain amino-acid deficiencies in the proteins consumed by the pellagrins. Benefit seemed to result from administering cystine to two cases of pellagra and in a third case there was steady improvement following the giving of both cystine and tryptophane. It is a question whether zein, the principal protein of maize, contains any cystine.