Valve with dorsal margin slightly arcuate, ventral margin straight; apices rostrate and recurved; keel puncta, 6 in 10 µ, prolonged into costæ across the entire valve; transverse striæ, 12 in 10 µ, in double rows of alternating puncta between the costæ. L. 106 µ. _Epithemia marina_ Donkin. Along the coast. Pl. 32, Fig. 22. NITZSCHIA HASSALL (1845), em. GRUN. (1880) (named after Christian L. Nitzsch, of Halle) Frustules usually free, sometimes enclosed in tubes or united into a filament. Valves keeled, the keels of the two valves usually diagonally opposite (see Hantzschia); keel puncta short or prolonged. According to Mereschkowsky, there are at least two endochrome plates placed transversely on the zones; sometimes there are from four to six plates, in one species twenty granules and in another no trace of any endochrome whatever. The following analysis is that of Grunow as given in Cleve and Grunow's "Arctic Diatoms," and adopted and illustrated by Van Heurck in his "Synopsis." GROUPS 1. _Tryblionella._--Keel very excentric, valve often folded; keel puncta indistinct, usually the same in number as the striæ. 2. _Panduriformes._--Valve broad, constricted in the middle, with more or less evident fold; keel very near the edge; keel puncta quite evident or apparently wanting. {115}3. _Apiculatæ._--Keel very near the edge; valve linear or somewhat narrower in the middle; striæ on the longitudinal fold fainter than on the remaining surface, or wanting; puncta not in quincunx. 4. _Pseudo-Tryblionella._--Keel more or less close to the edge; valve with a more or less deep longitudinal fold over which the striæ are spread in the same way as over the remaining surface; keel puncta always distinct. 5. _Circumsutæ._--Valve with more or less wide longitudinal fold; keel very excentric; keel puncta quite evident; surface of valve irregularly punctate and also traversed by rows of delicate puncta which belong to a different layer of the valve. 6. _Dubiæ._--Like the group Pseudo-Tryblionella, but the valves are not so much folded; frustules sometimes narrowed in the middle. The separation of species is difficult and, in part, doubtful. Keel excentric. 7. _Bilobatæ._--Like the group Dubiæ, but with more central keel and so forming a transition to the group Pseudo-Amphiprora; valves without longitudinal folds. 8. _Pseudo-Amphiprora._--Valve with quite central, sharp keel, arcuate, without longitudinal fold; keel puncta always evident; frustule narrowed in the middle with more or less marked central nodule. Includes two species not found in this locality. 9. _Perrya._--Valve arched with very sharp central keel; not narrowed in the middle; keel puncta mostly on short or long lines which are sometimes interrupted. Includes six species not found in this locality. 10. _Epithemioideæ._--Keel excentric; keel puncta extended into costæ across the entire valve.