The Different Forms of Flowers on Plants of the Same SpeciesDarwin, Charles
Science
The Different Forms of Flowers on Plants of the Same Species
Darwin, Charles
Fertilization of plants; Heterostylism; Plant physiology; Plants -- Variation; Pollination
In order to show how much more fertile each form is when legitimately fertilised
with pollen from the other form (or in the case of trimorphic species, with the
proper pollen from one of the two other forms) than when illegitimately
fertilised with its own-form pollen, I will append Table 6.33 giving a summary
of the results in all the cases hitherto ascertained. The fertility of the
unions may be judged by two standards, namely, by the proportion of flowers
which, when fertilised in the two methods, yield capsules, and by the average
number of seeds per capsule. When there is a dash in the left hand column
opposite to the name of the species, the proportion of the flowers which yielded
capsules was not recorded.
TABLE 6.33. Fertility of the legitimate unions taken together, compared with
that of the illegitimate unions together. The fertility of the legitimate
unions, as judged by both standards, is taken as 100.
Column 1: Name of species.
Column 2: Illegitimate unions : proportional number of flowers which produced
capsules.
Column 3: Illegitimate unions : average number of seeds per capsule.
Primula veris : 69 : 65.
Primula elatior : 27 : 75.
Primula vulgaris : 60 : 54.
Primula Sinensis : 84 : 63.
Primula Sinensis (second trial) : 0 : 53.
Primula Sinensis (Hildebrand) : 100 : 42.
Primula auricula (Scott) : 80 : 15.
Primula Sikkimensis (Scott) : 95 : 31.
Primula cortusoides (Scott) : 74 : 66.
Primula involucrata (Scott) : 72 : 48.
Primula farinosa (Scott) : 71 : 44.
Average of the nine species of Primula : 88.4 : 69.
Hottonia palustris (H. Muller) : - : 61.
Linum grandiflorum (the difference probably is much greater) : - : 69.
Linum perenne : - : 20.
Linum perenne (Hildebrand) : 0 : 0.
Pulmonaria officinalis (German stock, Hildebrand) : 0 : 0.
Pulmonaria angustifolia : 35 : 32.
Mitchella repens : 20 : 47.
Borreria, Brazilian sp. : - : 0.
Polygonum fagopyrum : - : 46.
Lythrum salicaria : 33 : 46.
Oxalis Valdiviana (Hildebrand) : 2 : 34.
Oxalis Regnelli : 0 : 0.
Oxalis speciosa : 15 : 49.
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