A few miscellaneous observations may be added with respect to some other species, as throwing light on our subject. Mr. Scott states that Eranthemum ambiguum bears three kinds of flowers,--large, conspicuous, open ones, which are quite sterile,--others of intermediate size, which are open and moderately fertile--and lastly small closed or cleistogamic ones, which are perfectly fertile. (8/16. ‘Journal of Botany’ London new series volume 1 1872 pages 161- 4.) Ruellia tuberosa, likewise one of the Acanthaceae, produces both open and cleistogamic flowers; the latter yield from 18 to 24, whilst the former only from 8 to 10 seeds; these two kinds of flowers are produced simultaneously, whereas in several other members of the family the cleistogamic ones appear only during the hot season. According to Torrey and Gray, the North American species of Helianthemum, when growing in poor soil, produce only cleistogamic flowers. The cleistogamic flowers of Specularia perfoliata are highly remarkable, as they are closed by a tympanum formed by the rudimentary corolla, and without any trace of an opening. The stamens vary from 3 to 5 in number, as do the sepals. (8/17. Von Mohl ‘Botanische Zeitung’ 1863 pages 314 and 323. Dr. Bromfield ‘Phytologist’ volume 3 page 530, also remarks that the calyx of the cleistogamic flowers is usually only 3-cleft, while that of the perfect flower is mostly 5- cleft.) The collecting hairs on the pistil, which play so important a part in the fertilisation of the perfect flowers, are here quite absent. Drs. Hooker and Thomson state that some of the Indian species of Campanula produce two kinds of flowers; the smaller ones being borne on longer peduncles with differently formed sepals, and producing a more globose ovary. (8/18. ‘Journal of the Linnean Society’ volume 2 1857 page 7. See also Professor Oliver in ‘Natural History Review’ 1862 page 240.) The flowers are closed by a tympanum like that in Specularia. Some of the plants produce both kinds of flowers, others only one kind; both yield an abundance of seeds. Professor Oliver adds that he has seen flowers on Campanula colorata in an intermediate condition between cleistogamic and perfect ones. The solitary almost sessile cleistogamic flowers produced by Monochoria vaginalis are differently protected from those in any of the previous cases, namely, within “a short sack formed of the membranous spathe, without any opening or fissure.” There is only a single fertile stamen; the style is almost obsolete, with the three stigmatic surfaces directed to one side. Both the perfect and cleistogamic flowers produce seeds. (8/19. Dr. Kirk ‘Journal of the Linnean Society’ volume 8 1864 page 147.)